智能电能表防窃电技术的研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 06:09

本文选题：单相电子式电能表 + 发展历程　；参考：《华北电力大学(北京)》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：电能表属于计量仪表,具有累计发送或者消耗电能量的功能,目前广泛的应用在电力部门,用户以及电网关口等,实现了对有功与无功能量的核算。当然,电能表还能够计算出电线损耗和电网它损害的能量。迄今为止,电能表已经获得一个多世纪的发展。由于科学技术的不断提升和跨越式发展,电能表也出现了重大变化。由传统的感应式交流电表晋升到当前的智能电表。当然,中问还经历了电子式交流电表和电子式多功能电表两个时期。现阶段,中国电表的总体发展趋势为智能化与信息互动化。在国内外智能电能表得到了大力的推广、应用,关于智能电能表国际上目前还没有一个统一的定义,各个国家关于智能电能表的相关标准、技术文件也不尽相同,这在一定程度上限制了智能电能表在全球的进一步推广和发展。智能电能表是一种由测量单元、数据处理单元、通信单元等组成的新型全电子式电能表,另外还具有信息交互、信息存储及处理、电能量计量、实时监测、自动控制等功能。智能电能表强大的数据管理与存储、通信及安全身份认证等新功能是普通传统的电能表所不具备的。智能电能表可以针对不同季节、时区及节假日提供多套费率表并分别设置不同的计量方案,并能借助采集系统记录用户负荷曲线,对优化用户用电方案、制定节电计划有很大的帮助。智能电能表的应用在实现用户用电信息“全覆盖、全采集、全预付费”的基础上,还使电能计量、抄表、收费、检查工作更加准确化、标准化、自动化,全面提升了供电服务的水平。本文分析了智能电能表的技术特点,并有针对性地提出了管理措施,以提升智能电能表标准化、规范化管理水平。随着经济的快速发展,用电量高速增长,少数电力用户受到经济利益的驱使,不惜采用违法手段进行窃电,电力管理部门虽投入大量的人力、物力试图解决窃电问题,但收效甚微。随着窃电手段的不断提高,以及现有防窃电措施的不足,窃电现象日益严重,使国家和电力管理部门蒙受了巨大的经济损失。根据实际运行经验显示,单相电子式防窃电电能表能实现电能的准确计量,并能实时甄别各种窃电行为,且成本低廉。因此,单相电子式防窃电电能表具有广阔的市场应用前景。而随着远程自动抄表成为电能部门的一种重要计量、结算电量、电费的方式,电子式电能表取代感应式电能表在电能计量中成为大势所趋。总之,本论文从国民经济的现实需要出发,结合电力计量系统实际情况,有针对性地进行了防窃电研究,并取得了较好实际成果。
[Abstract]:Watt-hour meter is a metering instrument, which has the function of accumulative transmission or energy consumption. It is widely used in power department, user and power grid, and realizes the calculation of active and reactive power. Of course, watt-hour meters can also calculate wire losses and the energy it damages in the grid. So far, watt-hour meters have been developed for more than a century. Due to the continuous improvement of science and technology and the development of leaps and bounds, watt-hour meters have also undergone major changes. From the traditional induction AC meter to the current intelligent meter. Of course, Zhongwen also experienced two periods: electronic AC meter and electronic multi-function meter. At present, the general development trend of Chinese ammeter is intelligence and information interaction. Intelligent watt-hour meter has been popularized and applied at home and abroad. At present, there is no uniform definition of intelligent watt-hour meter in the world. The relevant standards of intelligent watt-hour meter in each country are different from each other. To a certain extent, this limits the further promotion and development of intelligent watt-hour meters in the world. Intelligent watt-hour meter is a new type of all-electronic watt-hour meter composed of measuring unit, data processing unit and communication unit. In addition, it has the functions of information exchange, information storage and processing, electric energy measurement, real-time monitoring, automatic control and so on. Intelligent watt-hour meter has powerful functions such as data management and storage, communication and security identity authentication, which is not available in conventional Watt-hour meters. The intelligent watt-hour meter can provide multiple sets of tariff meters and set different metering schemes for different seasons, time zones and holidays, and can record the user load curve with the help of the acquisition system, so as to optimize the user's power consumption scheme. It is of great help to make a plan for saving electricity. The application of intelligent watt-hour meter (Watt-hour meter) is based on the realization of "full coverage, full collection, full prepayment" of the user's electricity information, and also makes the measurement, meter reading, charge and inspection work more accurate, standardized and automated. Improved the level of power supply services. This paper analyzes the technical characteristics of intelligent watt-hour meter and puts forward some management measures in order to improve the standardization and management level of intelligent watt-hour meter. With the rapid development of economy and the rapid growth of electricity consumption, a small number of electric power users are driven by economic interests and do not hesitate to use illegal means to steal electricity. Although the power management department has invested a lot of manpower and material resources to try to solve the problem of electricity theft, But little has been achieved. With the continuous improvement of the means of electricity theft and the shortage of existing anti-theft measures, the phenomenon of electricity theft is becoming more and more serious, which makes the state and the electric power management department suffer huge economic losses. According to the practical operation experience, the single-phase electronic anti-stealing electric energy meter can realize the accurate measurement of electric energy, and can identify all kinds of electricity stealing behavior in real time, and the cost is low. Therefore, single-phase electronic anti-theft electric energy meter has a broad market application prospect. With the remote automatic meter reading has become an important measure of electricity department, the settlement of electricity, electricity, electronic watt-hour meter instead of inductive watt-hour meter in the electric energy measurement has become the trend of the times. In a word, according to the actual needs of the national economy and the actual situation of the electric power metering system, this paper has carried out the research on the anti-theft of electricity in a targeted way, and has obtained good practical results.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM933.4

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