长沙市犬瘟热胶体金检测的感染情况调查及RT-PCR诊断

发布时间：2018-04-28 09:10

本文选题：犬 + 犬瘟热　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着长沙市养犬量的增多,犬瘟热的发病也不断在增加,导致此病越来越难预防；犬瘟热感染早期临床症状不明显以及临床经过期症状复杂,是导致临床诊断难的主要原因。本文通过两个相关实验对此进行研究。一是长沙市犬瘟热感染情况调查。犬瘟热流行特点与季节、犬龄、免疫情况等都存在密切关系。为了进一步研究犬瘟热发病与各因素的关系,进一步做好预防犬瘟的工作,把长沙市内五个区的犬瘟感染情况进行了统计分析。结果表明：犬瘟发病率与地区间差异有关,经济条件相对较落后的地区发病率高；与免疫情况有关,完成3次免疫以上的犬发病率明显低于未免疫和免疫不完全的犬；与季节变化有关,一年中的3-4月和10-11月发病率明显高于其他月份；与犬龄有关,2-10月龄犬的发病率最高；与犬的来源有关,来源不明的犬发病率高于来源清楚犬；与疫苗品牌有关,进口疫苗发病率低于国产苗。根据调查结果,作者认为犬瘟热的流行是多种因素造成的,因此在预防犬瘟热方面,应完善犬瘟热的免疫制度,选择好的疫苗,定期免疫接种；犬类养殖应该规范化、科学化,定期消毒,及时控制病毒扩散,及时隔离,防止全面爆发。二是犬瘟热的RT-PCR诊断。临床普遍采用胶体金技术检测犬瘟热感染,而对检测结果的准确性一直存在质疑,为了进一步调查其检测的准确性；进一步研究误诊犬瘟热的原因,作者采取RT-PCR检测方法来验证胶体金检测的准确率,并鉴别诊断误诊案例。结果表明：随机抽取的41份胶体金检测结果为阴性的病料中,RT-PCR检测出3份阳性,胶体金误诊率为7.32%(3/41)；误诊的原因是胶体金检测出假阴性、感染犬早期症状不明显、继发感染犬瘟、临床症状多样。作者认为,犬瘟感染早期,在症状不明显时应该采用RT-PCR方法诊断,而在临床经过期采用胶体金诊断为宜。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increase of canine distemper in Changsha, the incidence of canine distemper is increasing, which makes the disease more and more difficult to prevent, the early clinical symptoms of canine distemper infection are not obvious and the clinical symptoms are complicated. It is the main cause of the difficulty in clinical diagnosis. In this paper, two related experiments are carried out to study this. The first is the investigation of canine distemper infection in Changsha. The epidemic characteristics of canine distemper are closely related to season, dog age and immune status. In order to further study the relationship between canine distemper and other factors and to prevent canine blast, the infection of canine distemper in five districts of Changsha city was analyzed statistically. The results showed that the incidence of canine plague was related to regional differences, and the incidence of canine plague was higher in areas with relatively backward economic conditions, and was significantly lower in dogs with more than three rounds of immunization than that in dogs without or without complete immunization. The incidence in March-April and October-November of a year was significantly higher than that in other months, the highest incidence was in dogs of 2-10 months of age, and the incidence was higher in dogs of unknown origin than that in dogs of unknown origin. The incidence of imported vaccines is lower than that of domestic vaccines. According to the results of the investigation, the author thinks that the prevalence of canine distemper is caused by many factors. Therefore, in the prevention of canine distemper, we should perfect the immune system of canine distemper, select a good vaccine and vaccinate regularly, and canine breeding should be standardized and scientific. Regular disinfection, timely control of the spread of the virus, timely isolation, to prevent an overall outbreak. The second is the RT-PCR diagnosis of canine distemper. Colloidal gold technique is widely used to detect canine distemper infection in clinic. However, the accuracy of the detection results has always been questioned. In order to further investigate the accuracy of the detection and further study the causes of misdiagnosis of canine distemper, The RT-PCR method was used to verify the accuracy of colloidal gold detection and to identify the misdiagnosis cases. The results showed that 3 of 41 samples with negative colloidal gold were detected by RT-PCR, and the misdiagnosis rate of colloidal gold was 7.32 / 41. The reason of misdiagnosis was that colloidal gold was false negative, the early symptoms of infected dog were not obvious, and the secondary infection was canine plague. Clinical symptoms are varied. In the early stage of canine plague infection, RT-PCR method should be used when the symptoms are not obvious, and colloidal gold should be used in clinical diagnosis.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.292

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