中国服务业效率结构性差异的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 01:38

本文选题：服务业效率 + 结构性差异　；参考：《上海社会科学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2016年初,李克强总理在博鳌论坛上指出,消费和服务业已经成为拉动中国经济增长的主要力量。服务业发展水平是衡量一个国家市场经济发展水平的重要标志,服务业也正逐渐转变为世界各国经济发展的新的增长点。近年来,服务业在各国国民经济中的比重不断提高,中国也不例外,截至2015年末,服务业在我国国内生产总值中的比重已上升至50.5%,首次占据"半壁江山"。在服务业比重不断得到提高的同时,我们非常关心服务业发展质量的问题,因为仅依靠要素投入而非效率提升,服务业将难以维持长期高效快速发展,深入剖析服务业发展效率的问题,实现服务业高效发展,才是真正促进中国服务业健康发展的重要途径。服务业全要素生产率(TFP)是衡量一国服务业健康发展的重要标准,决定了服务业长期发展的质量和效率。本文通过测算及进一步分解我国服务业总体及分行业、分部门的TFP,剖析服务业效率分布中存在的结构问题,尝试提出促进我国服务业高效快速发展的政策建议。论文综合运用产业效率理论、经济增长理论、服务经济学理论等相关理论,结合统计学、计量经济学等实证研究方法,从三个角度对我国服务业效率发展情况进行研究:一是综合分析服务业总体效率发展情况;二是对比分析服务业各细分行业相对效率发展情况;三是剖析服务业总体及内部效率结构存在的问题。进而立足国情对中国服务业效率特点及存在的问题进行解释,挖掘影响服务业效率增长的因素。在此基础上,提出促进服务业高效发展的政策建议。从篇章结构上讲,第二章从文献综述出发,详细梳理了国内外关于农业效率、工业效率、服务业效率的文献特点,涉及效率测量方法、影响服务业效率的因素及服务业内部行业效率差异性情况。第三章是本文的研究重点。主要对服务业效率内部结构性差异进行了理论归纳和解释,通过对效率概念及效率度量方法的界定,在理论上论证了影响服务业效率结构性差异的原因及变动特征。第四章是对理论内容的补充分析,也是实证研究的准备。重点就测算及分析服务业效率的方法、数据来源及数据处理方式等进行了介绍,最终确定了论文将使用投入导向型DEA-BCC模型与DEA-Malmquist模型。第五章是实证研究,以2004年至2014年我国服务业效率为研究对象,以资本投入和劳动投入作为投入变量,以服务业增加值为产出变量,分别运用模型,计算服务业总体及各行业的效率值。在此基础上,根据模型结果从时间维度、行业维度及部门维度对我国服务业的效率差异情况进行静态和动态的比较。主要结论是:一是服务业内部的效率结构反应的是行业间效率的差异化特征,这种特征并没有随着服务业及行业效率增长而发生变化,即服务业内部效率差异长期存在,这种相对的差异只和行业特性有关。二是服务业总体规模效率逐渐恶化,服务业细分行业普遍呈现技术效率水平较低、技术效率与技术进步不同程度的反向增长的现象。三是中国服务业大部分行业的TFP增长对服务业TFP平均增长具有正向贡献,极少部分行业起到了轻微或较大的反向作用。四是对金融业及房地产业OLS回归结果显示,不同因素对两个行业的效率存在不同程度的影响。第六章是结论与启示。重点是从政策建议角度,从提高服务业开放水平、促进技术效率和规模效率同步增长、减轻服务业内部效率发展失衡、加快互联网与服务业的融合的方面,提出了推动我国服务业整体及分行业快速均衡发展、减轻行业效率结构性差异的具体思路。总的来说,论文关于服务业TFP及其行业结构差异的研究,是基于现有统计数据的浅显分析,一些观点还不成熟。特别是关于影响因素的验证上,仅仅选择了房地产和金融业两个行业,这也一定程度上使得论文的政策建议还不够精准。因此,在此也恳请老师们批评指正!
[Abstract]:At the beginning of 2016, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out at the Boao forum that the consumption and service industry has become the main force in promoting China's economic growth. The development level of the service industry is an important symbol to measure the level of the development of a country's market economy, and the service industry is gradually transforming into a new growth point in the economic development of all countries in the world. In recent years, the service industry is As of the end of 2015, the proportion of service industry in China's GDP has risen to 50.5% by the end of 2015. At the same time, the proportion of service industry is increasing, and we are very concerned about the quality of the service industry, because it depends only on the input of the factors. Non efficiency promotion, service industry will be difficult to maintain long-term and efficient development, in-depth analysis of the problem of service industry development efficiency and realize the efficient development of service industry, it is an important way to promote the healthy development of service industry in China. The service industry total factor productivity (TFP) is an important standard to measure the healthy development of a country's service industry, which determines the service industry. The quality and efficiency of the long-term development. By measuring and further decomposing the overall and sub sector of the service industry and the TFP of the branch, this paper analyzes the structural problems in the efficiency distribution of service industry, and tries to put forward the policy suggestions to promote the efficient and rapid development of the service industry in China. Economic theory and other related theories, combined with statistics, econometrics and other empirical research methods, from three perspectives to study the development of China's service industry efficiency: first, the overall analysis of the overall efficiency of service industry development; two is to compare and analyze the efficiency of the service industry, the three is to analyze the overall service industry and The existing problems of internal efficiency structure, and then based on the national conditions of China's service industry efficiency characteristics and existing problems to explain the factors affecting the efficiency of service industry growth. On this basis, put forward the policy recommendations to promote the efficient development of service industry. From the text structure, the second chapter from the literature review, in detail combed the domestic and foreign. The literature characteristics of agricultural efficiency, industrial efficiency and service efficiency are related to efficiency measurement methods, factors affecting service industry efficiency and the internal industry efficiency difference in service industry. The third chapter is the focus of this paper. It mainly summarizes and explains the internal structural differences of service industry efficiency, through the concept of efficiency and the concept of efficiency. The definition of efficiency measurement method is defined in theory. The fourth chapter is the supplementary analysis of the theoretical content and the preparation of the empirical research. The emphasis is on the methods of calculating and analyzing the efficiency of service industry, the data sources and the processing methods of the data, and the final determination is made. The paper will use the input oriented DEA-BCC model and the DEA-Malmquist model. The fifth chapter is an empirical study, taking the efficiency of service industry in China as the research object from 2004 to 2014, taking the capital input and labor input as input variable, and taking the value of service industry as output variable, using the model to calculate the efficiency value of the overall service industry and the industry. On this basis, a static and dynamic comparison is made between the time dimension, industry dimension and departmental dimension according to the results of the model. The main conclusions are as follows: the first is that the efficiency structure reaction within the service industry is the difference characteristic of inter industry efficiency, which does not increase with the efficiency of service industry and industry. Long and change, that is, the internal efficiency difference exists in the service industry for a long time. This relative difference is only related to the industry characteristics. Two is the gradual deterioration of the overall scale efficiency of the service industry, the low level of technical efficiency and the reverse growth of technical efficiency and technological progress in service industry subdivision industries. Three is the service industry in China. The TFP growth of most industries has a positive contribution to the average growth of TFP in the service industry, and the few sectors have played a slight or larger reverse effect. Four is the result of OLS regression in the financial industry and real estate industry. The different factors have different effects on the efficiency of the two industries. The sixth chapter is the conclusion and inspiration. The focus is from the policy construction. From the point of view, from the aspects of improving the opening level of the service industry, promoting the synchronous growth of technical efficiency and scale efficiency, reducing the imbalance in the internal efficiency of service industry and accelerating the integration of the Internet and service industry, this paper puts forward the concrete ideas to promote the rapid and balanced development of the whole and sub sectors of the service industry in China and reduce the structural differences in the efficiency of the industry. The research on the difference between TFP and its industry structure is based on the shallow analysis of the existing statistical data, and some of the views are not mature. In particular, on the validation of the influencing factors, only the two sectors of the real estate and financial industry have been chosen, and this has also made the policy recommendations not accurate to some extent. Ask the teachers to criticize and correct them!

【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F719

【相似文献】