既有建筑热计量技术与节能分析

发布时间：2018-05-10 19:53

本文选题：既有建筑 + 热计量　；参考：《北京建筑大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：北方城镇建筑的冬季供暖是我国建筑能耗的主要构成部分，也是建筑节能的工作重点。既有居住建筑供热计量及节能改造工作不仅具有节能减排的效果，同时具有较好的社会和经济效益，因此对既有建筑热计量技术与节能分析方法进行研究具有理论和实际意义。本文对既有建筑热计量技术与节能分析方法进行了研究。系统分析了建筑供热计量的基本原理与途径，以及常用的四种分户热计量技术的原理与应用范围，并通过分项对比的方式对各种方法的特点做了分析。分析了我国既有建筑中常见的供暖形式、特点以及存在的问题。重点分析了常用的两种改造形式的改造方式与计算方法，包括垂直单管跨越式系统的改造方式、负荷计算方法、跨越管管径与进流系数的确定和散热量的校核计算，以及带温控阀的垂直双管系统的改造方式、温控阀的选择和改造前后水力特性。本文探讨了既有建筑热计量节能分析方法，既有建筑热计量改造效果测评指标主要有强制性指标、节能率指标和经济性指标。采用本文提出的节能率计算方法，应用DEST-h住宅建筑能耗模拟软件，对北京某既有住宅建筑热计量改造的节能性进行了模拟分析。分析了不同节能阶段的热计量改造的节能效果。通过模拟数据得出，既有不节能建筑按65%标准进行建筑节能及热计量改造，以及既有新建65%节能标准的建筑在不对建筑围护结构和系统再次改造的条件下，达到节能75%的更高节能目标的主要手段是采用建筑供热计量技术，使系统具备用户自主调节的功能。达到节能50%强制性标准的既有建筑，可以通过热计量改造达到现行的节能65%的的要求，但是在不改善围护结构保温性能的前提下，难以实现更高的节能目标。
[Abstract]:Heating in winter is the main component of building energy consumption in northern cities and towns, and it is also the focus of building energy conservation. The heating metering and energy saving reconstruction of existing residential buildings not only has the effect of energy saving and emission reduction, but also has good social and economic benefits. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to study the heat metering technology and energy saving analysis methods of existing buildings. In this paper, the existing building heat measurement technology and energy-saving analysis methods are studied. This paper systematically analyzes the basic principles and approaches of building heating metering, as well as the principle and application scope of four commonly used household heat metering techniques, and analyzes the characteristics of various methods by means of separate comparison. The common heating forms, characteristics and existing problems in the existing buildings in China are analyzed. The transformation methods and calculation methods of two kinds of revamping methods are analyzed emphatically, including the transformation mode of vertical single-pipe leapfrog system, the load calculation method, the determination of the diameter and inflow coefficient of straddle pipe, and the calculation of heat dissipation. The retrofit mode of vertical double pipe system with temperature control valve, the selection of temperature control valve and the hydraulic characteristics before and after revamping. This paper discusses the energy saving analysis method of existing building heat metering. There are mandatory index, energy saving rate index and economy index to evaluate the effect of existing building heat metering and transformation. Based on the energy saving rate calculation method proposed in this paper, the energy conservation of an existing residential building in Beijing is simulated and analyzed by using the DEST-h software for energy consumption simulation. The energy saving effect of heat metering reform in different energy saving stages is analyzed. Through the simulation data, it is concluded that the existing non-energy saving buildings are reconstructed according to the 65% standard of building energy saving and heat metering, and the existing new 65% energy saving standard buildings are under the condition that the envelope structure and system of the building are not rebuilt again. The main means to achieve the goal of saving energy by 75% is to adopt building heating metering technology to make the system have the function of self-regulating by users. The existing buildings which reach the mandatory standard of 50% energy saving can meet the requirement of energy saving of 65% by means of heat metering, but it is difficult to achieve the higher energy saving goal without improving the insulation performance of the envelope structure.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU833

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