德庆地区10kV电压等级避雷器故障分析及对策

发布时间：2018-05-26 18:02

本文选题：避雷器 + 寿命评估　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：德庆地处粤西山区,配电架空线路遭受雷击跳闸造成停电事故较为突出。近年来,社会经济的不断发展,“家电下乡”政策使得人民生活水平得到显著提升,随着各种各样家用电器的普及,人们的生活离不开电,并对电能的质量提出了越来越高的要求。架设在村边巷尾的配电线路、开关、变压器等作为电力系统的最基本单元,其是否能安全稳定运行直接影响着用户的用电质量。在配电架空线路上安装避雷器以保护配电设备免受雷击损坏是行之有效的方法,但由于避雷器本身的局限性,自身损坏或需要更换时造成线路停电,不仅影响供电可靠性及客户满意度,而且影响着配电网的安全稳定运行。本论文选取2013~2015年间德庆地区10k V电压等级避雷器故障数据为对象,对避雷器的故障类型和故障特征进行了统计。首先从配网用避雷器的结构组成、工作原理、故障机理等对避雷器运行故障原因进行分析;接着从配网用避雷器大电流耐受能力、密封性能、耐污闪性能等对避雷器运行性能进行分析,最后结合该地区雷电时空分布特征分析造成各类型故障的原因。其次,根据德庆地区雷电地闪分布计算出雷电流幅值概率分布情况,建立起10k V电压等级避雷器的寿命评估模型,继而根据避雷器安装点地闪密度的不同对避雷器的寿命进行评估,形成基层人员在日常工作中避雷器运行维护的有力依据。最后,根据德庆地区10k V电压等级避雷器在日常运行过程中出现的缺陷类型、故障原因、运行环境等,并结合避雷器寿命评估结果,从避雷器的选型、出厂试验、接收和保管、安装、运行维护等方面加强对避雷器全生命周期的把关,提出相应的策略来降低德庆地区10k V电压等级避雷器的故障率。
[Abstract]:Deqing is located in the mountainous area of western Guangdong Province. The power cut caused by lightning strike on the overhead distribution line is more prominent. In recent years, with the continuous development of social economy, the policy of "home appliances going to the countryside" has greatly improved the living standards of the people. With the popularization of all kinds of household appliances, people can not live without electricity. And put forward higher and higher request to the quality of electric energy. As the most basic unit of the power system, the distribution lines, switches and transformers installed at the end of the village side lane directly affect the power quality of the users whether they can run safely and stably. It is an effective method to install arresters on the overhead lines to protect the distribution equipment from lightning damage. However, due to the limitation of the arrester itself, when the lightning arrester itself is damaged or needs to be replaced, the line will be cut off. It not only affects the reliability of power supply and customer satisfaction, but also affects the safe and stable operation of distribution network. In this paper, the fault data of 10kV voltage arrester in Deqing area from 2013 to 2015 are selected as the object, and the fault types and fault characteristics of the arrester are analyzed. First of all, from the structure, working principle, failure mechanism of the arrester used in the distribution network to analyze the causes of the operation failure of the arrester, and then from the distribution network arrester large current tolerance, sealing performance, The operation performance of lightning arrester is analyzed, and finally, the causes of various kinds of faults are analyzed according to the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of lightning in this area. Secondly, according to the lightning flicker distribution in Deqing area, the probability distribution of lightning current amplitude is calculated, and the life evaluation model of 10 kV voltage level arrester is established. Then the life of the arrester is evaluated according to the density of the lightning arrester installation site, and the force basis for the operation and maintenance of the arrester is formed in the daily work of the basic level personnel. Finally, according to the defect type, fault cause, operation environment and so on of 10kV voltage grade arrester in Deqing area, combined with the result of lightning arrester life evaluation, from the selection of arrester, factory test, reception and storage, In the aspects of installation, operation and maintenance, the whole life cycle of the arrester is strengthened, and the corresponding strategies are put forward to reduce the failure rate of the 10 kV voltage level arrester in Deqing area.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM862

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