武夷山国家级自然保护区农户可持续生计研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 23:37

本文选题：农户 + 可持续生计　；参考：《福建师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：自然保护区对维护区域资源环境具有重要意义,但是自然保护区建立限制了社区农户对资源的利用,制约当地经济的发展和农户生计水平的提高。倘若自然保护区管理部门不对社区农户加以约束,又可能导致资源环境受损,最终影响农户生计的可持续发展。所以,自然保护区和社区农户的矛盾问题成为区域协调发展的焦点。本文以武夷山国家级自然保护区为研究对象,运用文献调研法、参与式农村评估法、层次分析法和数理统计等,建立了适用于武夷山自然保护区农户可持续生计的评价指标体系,并在可持续生计分析框架指导下,对农户生计资本、生计策略、生计后果以及生计问题进行描述性统计分析,利用层次分析法对农户生计可持续性进行评价。最后,针对武夷山自然保护区农户生计存在问题提出相应的策略,以期为自然保护区农户生计研究提供一定的借鉴参考。研究结果表明,武夷山自然保护区农户生计可持续性整体上处于中等水平,生计具有可持续性,但水平较低,抵御外在环境变化能力较弱。农户生计资本总体处于中等水平,其中金融资本水平最高,社会资本水平最低。农户生计策略总指数处于中等偏上水平,农户生计多样化和生计非农化水平一般。同时,研究发现武夷山自然保护区农户生计存在问题有农户生计方式单一,对自然资源依赖性强,农户收入受市场影响严重,常驻人口流失多,社区基础设施落后,野生动物侵扰农户现象频发等。基于以上研究,本文提出依靠科技,扶持支柱产业发展；调整产业结构,培育多种经营方式；搞好基础设施建设；实施社区共管；丰富农户社会资源等措施,以实现武夷山自然保护区农户生计的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The nature reserve is of great significance to the maintenance of regional resources and environment, but the establishment of nature reserve limits the utilization of resources by community farmers, and restricts the development of local economy and the improvement of farmers' livelihood level. If the nature reserve management department does not restrict the community farmers, it may lead to the damage of resources and environment, and ultimately affect the sustainable development of farmers' livelihood. Therefore, the contradiction between nature reserves and community farmers has become the focus of regional coordinated development. This paper takes Wuyishan National Nature Reserve as the research object, uses the literature investigation method, the participatory rural evaluation method, the analytic hierarchy process and the mathematical statistics and so on. The evaluation index system of sustainable livelihood of farmers in Wuyishan Nature Reserve is established. Under the guidance of sustainable livelihood analysis framework, this paper makes a descriptive statistical analysis of farmers' livelihood capital, livelihood strategies, livelihood consequences and livelihood issues. The sustainable livelihood of farmers was evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the paper puts forward the corresponding strategies to solve the problem of farmers' livelihood in Wuyishan Nature Reserve, in order to provide some reference for the study of farmers' livelihood in nature reserve. The results show that the subsistence sustainability of farmers in Wuyishan Nature Reserve is at the middle level on the whole, the livelihood is sustainable, but the level is low, and the ability to resist the external environment change is weak. Farmers' livelihood capital is in the middle level, among which financial capital level is the highest and social capital level is the lowest. The total index of farmers' livelihood strategy is above the middle level, and the farmers' livelihood diversification and livelihood non-agricultural level are general. At the same time, the study found that the problems of farmers' livelihood in Wuyishan Nature Reserve include the single way of farmers' livelihood, the strong dependence on natural resources, the serious impact of the market on farmers' income, the loss of resident population and the backwardness of community infrastructure. The phenomenon of wild animals infringing farmers occurs frequently. Based on the above research, this paper puts forward some measures, such as supporting the development of pillar industries by relying on science and technology, adjusting the industrial structure, cultivating diversified modes of operation, doing a good job in infrastructure construction, implementing community co-management, enriching farmers' social resources, and so on. In order to realize the sustainable development of farmers' livelihood in Wuyishan Nature Reserve.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.6

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