日照电网中置式开关柜故障分析与处理

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:15

本文选题：中置式开关柜 + 机械　；参考：《山东大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：日照电网有1OKV及以上高危重点客户46个,运行中置式(铠装金属封闭)开关柜的客户配(变)电站的152座,占总数98.06%。中置式开关柜作为电网中客户主要变(配)电运行设备,每年都发生因开关拒动、短路、绝缘等故障造成的停电事件,不仅给电力客户带来较大的经济损失,而且严重威胁到设备的安全运行,如不及时采取有效措施,预防生产活动中潜在的安全风险,会引发人身、电网和设备事故,给企业正常生产、安全运行、持续发展带来重大的负面影响。本文从人员、设备、材料、环境四个主要方面分析了中置式开关柜在设计标准、生产制造、安装运行中可能存在的故障隐患,积极探索加强客户用电安全,减少中置式开关柜故障次数的新方法和新措施,以提高中置式开关柜运行可靠性,确保用电设备安全运行,促进客户用电安全水平的提高。本文主要从以下几方面开展研究：一、对日照电网中置式开关柜的运行情况进行分析,对故障发生时间、类型、地点进行统计,对故障设备和故障点进行解剖,对故障现场进行调查,确定了机械装置和绝缘设备是设备的主要故障部分。二、采用现场验证试验和设备数据测量的方式对开关柜机械故障原因剖解,确定了动、静触头接触行程不够,机械传动机构未定期进行检测、维护是机械故障的主要因素,采取增加静触头长度、调整机械传动机构等设备改造方式,提升效果显著。三、对开关柜的绝缘部分进行统计分析,对绝缘损坏部件进行测量,发现开关柜内散热不畅、温度较高,高压室及开关柜密封不严是导致绝缘件老化损坏的主要因素,采取了安装柜内的散热装置,降低母排、刀闸的接触电阻,开关柜防尘、防潮处理等改造方案后,设备绝缘故障次数明显下降。根据课题研究成果,调整了开关柜的运行方式和制造标准,编写了《日照供电公司业扩工程设计规范》、《日照供电公司客户设备管理规定》、《日照供电公司开关柜施工标准》等设备管理的相关文件和工作规定,提升了设备标准和施工要求,在日照电网所有中置式开关柜中进行了技术推广,有效的减少了日照地区中置式开关柜故障次数,增强了设备运行的可靠性,提升了电网安全运行水平,实现了经济效益和社会效益的双提升。
[Abstract]:Rizhao Power Grid has 46 key customers with high risk of 1OKV and above, and 152 power stations operating medium type (sheathed metal closed) switchgear, accounting for 98.06% of the total. As the main transformer (distribution) equipment in the power network, the central switchgear happens every year, which is caused by the failure of switch, short circuit, insulation and so on, which not only brings great economic losses to the power customers. And it is a serious threat to the safe operation of equipment. If effective measures are not taken in time to prevent potential safety risks in production activities, it will lead to accidents of persons, power grids and equipment, and give enterprises normal production and safe operation. Sustained development has a significant negative impact. This paper analyzes the potential faults in the design standard, production, manufacture, installation and operation of the central switchgear from four main aspects: personnel, equipment, materials and environment, and actively explores how to strengthen the safety of the customer's electricity consumption. The new methods and measures to reduce the number of faults of the central switchgear are proposed in order to improve the reliability of the operation of the central switchgear ensure the safe operation of the electric equipment and promote the safety level of the customers. This paper mainly carries on the research from the following aspects: first, analyzes the operation situation of the Rizhao power grid switchgear, statistics the time, type and location of the fault, dissects the fault equipment and the fault point. The fault site was investigated and the mechanical and insulation equipment were determined to be the main fault parts of the equipment. Second, by means of field verification test and equipment data measurement, the causes of mechanical failure of switchgear are analyzed, and it is determined that the contact stroke of moving and static contacts is not enough, the mechanical transmission mechanism is not detected regularly, and maintenance is the main factor of mechanical failure. By increasing the length of static contact, adjusting the mechanical transmission mechanism and other equipment transformation, the effect is remarkable. Third, the insulation part of the switchgear is statistically analyzed, and the insulation damaged parts are measured. It is found that the heat dissipation in the switchgear is not smooth, the temperature is relatively high, and the seal of the high-voltage chamber and the switchgear is not strict are the main factors leading to the aging and damage of the insulating parts. After adopting the retrofit scheme of installing heat dissipation device in the cabinet, reducing the contact resistance of the busbar, the knife brake, the dust prevention of the switchgear and the moisture-proof treatment, the number of insulation faults of the equipment is obviously decreased. According to the research results of the subject, the operation mode and manufacturing standard of the switchgear are adjusted. The related documents and working regulations of equipment management, such as "Design Specification for Industrial expansion Project of Rizhao Power supply Company", "Rizhao Power supply Company customer equipment Management regulations", "Rizhao Power supply Company Switchgear Construction Standard", etc., have been compiled, and the equipment standards and construction requirements have been raised. The technology is popularized in all the middle type switchgear in Rizhao power network, which effectively reduces the number of faults of the middle type switchgear in Rizhao area, enhances the reliability of the equipment operation, and promotes the safe operation level of the power grid. The double promotion of economic and social benefits has been realized.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM591

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