问责对个体非伦理行为影响机制的实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 20:13

本文选题：问责 + 非伦理行为　；参考：《浙江工商大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：最近20多年的"转型"期中由于管理、制度和法律的不完善,违反道德的事件屡见不鲜,如朗讯事件、三氯氰胺危机、塑化剂丑闻和双汇事件、污染环境等一系列不道德的行为,这些行为不仅严重损害了企业的信誉,危害了企业自身的生存和发展,更是损害了公众利益,不利于我国社会主义市场经济健康有效的发展。因此企业管理中的道德问题成了企业立足于经济社会以及社会良性发展的根本问题。而组织的管理归根结底就是对组织成员的管理,如何约束个体非伦理行为,提高企业管理效能是学术界与实业界共同关注的话题。事实表明,问责是组织管理中应对非伦理行为较为有效的约束机制。问责通过第三方监督或评估的方式,使人们在面临道德两难的情境时,能够秉持基本的道德准则,做出正确的道德判断。目前对问责的相关研究也多集中于问责机制对消极行为的预防和抑制作用,以及对员工态度、绩效等变量的积极影响。然而近几年来频发的"问责失灵"现象引起了人们的关注。尽管已有学者开始研究问责的消极影响,但较少研究就问责对非伦理行为约束失效的现象,以及其中的心理机制做过确切的探讨。该影响机制的未知在理论上,限制了学术界对问责与非伦理行为的深入理解与探讨,在管理实践上限制了问责机制发挥提高企业管理效益的作用。因此,本研究基于问责的社会权变模型理论以及自我控制资源理论,提出调节定向变量的影响,探索问责对非伦理行为的作用机制。首先,回顾和梳理前人对问责、调节定向、非伦理行为和自我损耗这四个变量的研究成果,并在此基础上,提出本文的研究假设;其次,本文采用实验研究的方法,通过研究一验证问责与调节定向对非伦理行为的交互作用,通过研究二验证自我损耗的中介作用。再次,采用SPSS19.0统计工具对数据进行分析,验证本研究提出的研究假设;最后结合实验结果,对本研究的研究意义与创新点进行讨论并总结不足之处及对未来研究的展望。本文通过研究,得到以下结论:(1)问责与调节定向的交互作用对非伦理行为有影响。当个体的调节定向为促进定向时,问责对非伦理行为有正向影响;当个体的调节定向为预防定向时,问责对非伦理行为有负向影响。(2)问责与调节定向的交互作用对自我损耗有影响。当个体的调节定向为促进定向时,问责与自我损耗正相关,即问责容易使促进定向个体发生自我损耗。当个体调节定向为预防定向时,问责对自我损耗没有影响。(3)自我损耗的中介作用。个体调节定向为促进定向时,问责提高了自我损耗,进而促进了非伦理行为的发生,即自我损耗在问责和非伦理行为的关系中起到中介作用。
[Abstract]:In the last 20 years of the "transition" period, due to imperfect management, system and laws, moral violations have occurred frequently, such as the Lucent incident, the melamine crisis, the plasticizer scandal and the Shuanghui incident. A series of immoral behaviors, such as polluting the environment, not only seriously damage the reputation of the enterprise, endanger the survival and development of the enterprise itself, but also damage the public interests, and are not conducive to the healthy and effective development of the socialist market economy in our country. Therefore, the moral problem in the enterprise management has become the fundamental problem for the enterprise to base itself on the economic, social and social development. In the final analysis, organizational management is the management of the members of the organization. How to restrain individual non-ethical behavior and improve the efficiency of enterprise management is a common concern of academia and industry. The facts show that accountability is an effective restraint mechanism to deal with non-ethical behavior in organizational management. Accountability, through the way of third party supervision or evaluation, enables people to uphold basic moral principles and make correct moral judgments in the face of moral dilemmas. At present, the related researches on accountability also focus on the preventive and inhibitory effects of accountability mechanisms on negative behaviors, as well as the positive effects on employee attitude, performance and other variables. However, in recent years, the phenomenon of "accountability failure" has attracted people's attention. Although some scholars have begun to study the negative effects of accountability, there are few studies on the failure of accountability to non-ethical behavior and the psychological mechanism. In theory, the unknown influence mechanism limits the understanding and discussion of accountability and non-ethical behavior in academic circles, and limits the role of accountability mechanism in improving the efficiency of enterprise management in management practice. Therefore, based on the theory of social contingency model of accountability and the theory of self-control resources, this study proposes to regulate the influence of directional variables and to explore the mechanism of accountability on non-ethical behavior. First of all, review and comb the research results of the four variables of accountability, regulation orientation, non-ethical behavior and self-depletion, and put forward the research hypotheses of this paper. Secondly, this paper adopts the method of experimental research. The interaction between accountability and regulatory orientation on non-ethical behavior is studied, and the intermediary role of self-depletion is studied. Thirdly, SPSS 19.0 statistical tool is used to analyze the data to verify the research hypotheses put forward in this study. Finally, combined with the experimental results, the significance and innovation of this study are discussed, and the shortcomings and prospects for future research are summarized. In this paper, we draw the following conclusion: 1) the interaction between accountability and regulatory orientation has an impact on non-ethical behavior. Accountability has a positive effect on non-ethical behavior when the orientation of individual regulation is to promote orientation, and when the orientation of individual regulation is directed towards prevention, Accountability has a negative impact on non-ethical behavior. When the adjusting orientation of the individual is to promote the orientation, the accountability is positively related to the self-depletion, that is, the self-depletion is easy to occur in the individual who promotes the orientation. When the individual adjusts orientation to prevent orientation, accountability has no effect on self loss. When the individual adjusts the orientation to promote the orientation, the accountability increases the self-depletion, and then promotes the occurrence of the non-ethical behavior, that is to say, the self-depletion plays an intermediary role in the relationship between the accountability and the non-ethical behavior.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F272

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