车轮廓形对重载铁路能耗的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 13:01

本文选题：重载铁路 + 车轮廓形　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：众所周知,铁路运输相较于其他交通运输的主要优点在于运量大、速度快、单位运量耗能少等方面。虽然铁路运输耗能少是其自身存在的优势,但铁路运输过程中依然消耗了很大一部分的能量,为了顺应国家发展的需要,响应国家节约能源、减少排放的号召,研究铁路运输中能耗的影响因素不可或缺。铁路运输较其他运输方式最大的特点在于它的轮轨关系,因此从轮轨关系的方向去研究列车能耗的影响因素是非常具有现实意义的。首先,实地考察了朔黄线黄骅港车站区段的铁路实际磨损情况,并测量了不同磨耗时期的LM型车轮踏面,结合线路上不同半径曲线数量的统计图,初步了解了朔黄线上的轮轨关系的主要参数。另外,通过阅读文献、查阅相关资料,得到了添加摩擦改进剂后,轮轨关系变化的参数。在掌握这些原始数据的基础上,进一步完善了能耗计算理论模型,具体是从摩擦改进剂模型的完善、摩擦功的计算方法、自旋蠕滑力矩的计算方法以及能耗计算模型的完善等方面展开分析的。最后利用动力学分析软件和数值计算软件进行详细的分析,探究不同磨耗时期的车轮廓形以及不同表面状态的钢轨对重载铁路能耗的影响。论文的主要工作和结论如下:1.使用Simpack软件仿真建立了 C80车辆的动力学模型后,查阅相关文献,确定了在实际工况中添加摩擦改进剂不但会影响轮轨摩擦系数,还会影响对应的Kalker权重系数。依据这一事实,为后续的动力学分析提供相关参数依据,修正了原有的动力学、能耗分析方法,在此基础编写了相应的数值计算程序。2.调查了朔黄线黄骅港车站区段轮轨关系,具体工作可以分为三个部分。第一,调查了朔黄线上钢轨表面的磨损情况,对比实测的不平顺频谱图,了解到线路上存在波长为80mm左右的波磨且钢轨表面存在严重的磨损和损伤;第二,挑选不同磨耗里程的车辆测量他们的车轮踏面,得到了 0～30万千米不同磨耗时期的车轮踏面廓形;第三,结合线路上不同半径曲线数量统计表,确定了本文计算的各种工况曲线半径。3.通过分析C80车辆模型在改变车轮踏面廓形和钢轨表面状态时的车辆动力学性能变化,得出添加摩擦改进剂和不同磨耗时期的车轮踏面廓形对车辆动力学性能的影响。计算结果显示:随着车轮磨耗里程的增加,在两种不同表面状态的钢轨上,最大轮轨横向力、最大轮轨垂向力、最大轮重减载率、最大脱轨系数均呈现先增大再减小的趋势。添加摩擦改进剂后能够改善最大垂向轮轨力、最大轮重减载率、车辆垂向平稳性等动力学性能,整体上来看添加摩擦改进剂不会影响车辆通过的安全可靠性。4.研究了不同磨耗的车轮廓型、通过速度、不同曲线半径以及不同角度的轨底坡等参数对添加摩擦改进剂后车辆通过时能耗节省量的影响,还据此分析了能耗经济,分析结果表明:速度对能耗节省量的影响比较大,能耗节省量随着通过速度的增大而增大;不同角度的轨底坡也对能耗节省量有较大影响,车辆通过时的的能耗节省量随着轨底坡角度的增大而增大;磨耗经济性分析表明,当摩擦改进剂运用在朔黄线上的小半径曲线上时,每年节省电能约1.59×107kWh,节省的等效燃煤约7.95×106kg,减少的等效二氧化碳排放量约2.33×107kg。
[Abstract]:As we all know, the main advantage of railway transportation is that the main advantages of railway transportation are large volume, fast speed and less energy consumption per unit volume. Although the energy consumption of railway transportation is the advantage of its own existence, it still consumes a large part of the energy in the process of railway transportation. In order to comply with the needs of national development, it responds to the national economy. It is indispensable to study the influence factors of energy consumption in railway transportation. The largest characteristic of railway transportation is its wheel rail relationship than other transport modes. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the influence factors of train energy consumption from the direction of wheel rail relations. First, the Huanghua port station of the Shuo Huang line is inspected on the spot. The actual wear of the section of the railway, and the measurement of the LM wheel tread in different wear period, combined with the statistical graph of the number of different radius curves on the line, preliminarily understand the main parameters of the relationship between the wheel and rail of the Shuo Huang line. In addition, through reading the literature and referring to the relevant data, the parameters of the wheel rail relation are obtained after the friction modifier is added. On the basis of mastering these original data, the theoretical model of energy consumption calculation is further perfected. It is concretely analyzed from the perfection of the model of the friction modifier, the calculation method of the friction work, the calculation method of the spin creep moment and the consummation of the energy consumption calculation model. Finally, the dynamic analysis software and the numerical calculation are used. The main work and conclusion of the paper are as follows: 1. after the Simpack software simulation was used to establish the dynamic model of the C80 vehicle and the relevant articles were consulted, and the improvement of the friction improvement in the actual working conditions was determined. The agent not only affects the wheel rail friction coefficient, but also affects the corresponding Kalker weight coefficient. According to this fact, it provides the relevant parameter basis for the subsequent dynamic analysis, modifies the original dynamics and energy consumption analysis method. On this basis, the corresponding numerical calculation program,.2., has been compiled to investigate the wheel rail relationship of the Huanghua port section of the Shuo Huang line. The specific work can be divided into three parts. Firstly, the wear of the rail surface on the Shuo Huang line is investigated, and the measured irregularity spectrum is compared. It is found that there is a wave mill with a wavelength of about 80mm on the line and there is a serious wear and damage on the rail surface; and second, the vehicles with different mileage are selected to measure their wheel tread. The wheel tread profile of 0~30 thousand kilometers in different wear period; third, combined with the statistical table of different radius curves on the line, the radius.3. of various working conditions calculated in this paper is determined by analyzing the change of the dynamic performance of the car when the wheel tread profile and the rail surface state are changed by the C80 vehicle model, and the improvement of the friction is improved. The influence of the wheel tread profile on the vehicle dynamic performance during the different wear period shows that the maximum wheel rail lateral force, the maximum wheel rail vertical force, the maximum wheel load reduction rate and the maximum derailment coefficient increase first and then decrease with the increase of the mileage of the wheel wear, the maximum wheel rail vertical force and the maximum wheel load reduction rate. The friction modifier can improve the maximum vertical wheel rail force, the maximum wheel load reduction rate, the vehicle vertical stability and other dynamic properties. On the whole, adding friction modifier will not affect the safety reliability of the vehicle passing through.4. research on the wheel profile of different wear, through the speed, the different curve radius and the different angles of the rail bottom slope and other parameters. The energy consumption economy is analyzed by the influence of friction modifier on the energy consumption of vehicles passing through. The analysis results show that the influence of speed on energy saving is larger and the energy saving amount increases with the increase of speed. The energy saving amount increases with the increase of the angle of the rail bottom slope. The analysis of wear economy shows that when the friction modifier is used on the small radius curve of the Shuo Huang line, the energy saving is about 1.59 * 107kWh a year, the equivalent coal burning is about 7.95 * 106kg, and the equivalent carbon dioxide emission reduction is about 2.33 * 107kg.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U211.5;U268.6

【参考文献】