未成年人犯罪现状、成因及预防对策

发布时间：2018-06-27 22:10

本文选题：未成年人犯罪 + 特点　；参考：《南昌大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国,青少年的年龄界限定在13周岁至25周岁。它既包括一部分18周岁以下的未成年人(法学界关于青少年犯罪是界定于此年龄段,本文研究的主体也是该类人群);也包括一部分19—25周岁的已成年人(统计青少年犯罪率即界定于13—25周岁)。我国的未成年人犯罪指的是14周岁到18周岁之间的未成年人所进行的触犯刑法以及刑事法律制度的不良行为。未成年人的犯罪现象已引起了全社会的广泛关注。由于未成年人的犯罪事件日益增多,这严重妨碍了我国的社会治安管理,非常有必要对此引起高度重视。从未成年人当前的犯罪情况以及特征来看,导致其犯罪的根源有很多,而且极其复杂。自从我国出台并实施《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》以及《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》等众多法律文件以来,对维护未成年人的正当权益与身心健康、约束未成年人的行为举止以及避免未成年人进行犯罪活动等产生了非常关键的作用。可是,从相关统计资料中可以发现,未成年人的犯罪现象愈益严重。该文主要探讨了未成年人犯罪现象的低龄化;文化水平较低;暴力与性犯罪、由于网络和吸毒导致的犯罪事件不断增多并表现出智能化;大部分属于团伙犯罪等方面的问题,并对引起未成年人犯罪的几个原因——社会弊端、家庭因素以及学校教育的严重缺失等展开了分析。最后针对怎样预防未成人犯罪从健全法规、完善教育体制、完备家庭环境、加大犯罪打击力度、教育改造已犯罪未成年人等方面给出了有关应对措施,以期能减少未成年人的犯罪事件。一直以来,未成人的犯罪问题是各界关注的焦点,也是让司法实践机构跟法学理论界感到困惑的一大难题,更是确保社会安康、维护社会治安、给政治、经济以及文化创建美好环境迫切需要处理的主要课题之一。最近几年,尽管我国为了避免与减少未成年人犯罪制定了一系列的法律规章,但是未成年犯罪率依旧没有下降,反而呈现增长之势。同时,犯罪事件还出现了一些新的特征,比如犯罪年龄下降、高智商化、犯罪手段成人化、团伙作案以及暴力倾向等。引起青少年犯罪的因素有很多,比如社会上的各种不良现象、家庭因素、学校教育的严重缺失和未成年人学识水平等,这也从侧面反映出我们在未成年人教育以及预防未成年犯罪等方面还做得不够。而其中未成年犯罪表现出了犯罪方式的多样化、犯罪性质的恶劣化、犯罪手段的残忍化以及犯罪年龄的低龄化等特征,在犯罪数量上逐年增多,一起起犯罪案件让我们触目惊心,对于事件的起因更值得我们深思。
[Abstract]:In China, adolescents are limited to 13 to 25 years of age. It includes a portion of minors under the age of 18 (the legal profession defines juvenile delinquency as such, The main body of this study is also this kind of population; it also includes some adults aged 19-25 (the juvenile crime rate is defined as 13-25 years old). Juvenile delinquency in our country refers to the criminal law and criminal law system of the juvenile between the age of 14 and 18. The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency has attracted wide attention of the whole society. Due to the increasing number of crimes committed by minors, this seriously hinders the management of public security in our country, and it is very necessary to attach great importance to it. According to the current situation and characteristics of juvenile delinquency, the root causes of juvenile delinquency are many and extremely complex. Since the promulgation and implementation of the Law on the Protection of minors of the people's Republic of China and the Law of the people's Republic of China on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency, many legal documents have been issued to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of minors, as well as their physical and mental health. Restraining the behavior of minors and avoiding their criminal activities have played a very important role. However, from the relevant statistics, we can find that juvenile delinquency is becoming more and more serious. This article mainly discusses the problems of the juvenile delinquency, the low level of education, the violence and sexual crimes, the increasing number of crimes caused by the network and drug abuse, the majority of them belonging to the gang crime, etc. It also analyzes several causes of juvenile delinquency, such as social malpractice, family factors and serious lack of school education. Finally, some countermeasures are given to prevent juvenile delinquency from the following aspects: perfect laws and regulations, perfect educational system, perfect family environment, intensify the crackdown on crime, educate and reform delinquent minors, etc. In order to reduce juvenile delinquency. For a long time, the problem of juvenile crime has been the focus of attention from all walks of life. It is also a major problem that puzzles the judicial practice organizations and the legal theorists. It is also a major problem to ensure social well-being, safeguard public order, and give politics. Economic and cultural creation of a better environment is one of the most urgent issues to be addressed. In recent years, although China has made a series of laws and regulations in order to avoid and reduce juvenile delinquency, the juvenile crime rate has not decreased, on the contrary, it has shown an increasing trend. At the same time, there are some new characteristics of crime, such as the decline of the age of crime, high intelligence, crime methods, gang crimes and violent tendencies. There are many factors that cause juvenile delinquency, such as various bad phenomena in society, family factors, serious lack of school education and the level of knowledge of minors, etc. This also reflects that we have not done enough in the education of minors and the prevention of juvenile delinquency. Among them, juvenile crime has the characteristics of diversification of crime mode, bad nature of crime, cruelty of crime means and younger age of crime, etc. The number of crimes has increased year by year. A crime case makes us shocking, the cause of the incident is more worthy of our reflection.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.5;D917

【相似文献】