西北太平洋渔业资源声学评估
发布时间：2018-08-11 17:18
【摘要】：西北太平洋的海洋渔业产量在粮农组织统计区域中一直是最高产区域,掌握该海域渔业资源现状,从而科学指导渔船的生产,将有利于提高我国远洋渔船的经济效益和综合竞争力,以及实现我国远洋渔业的可持续发展。2015年4月~6月及2016年5月~7月,通过租用的两艘远洋渔船对该海域35°N~43°N、147°E~160°E范围进行了大面定点的灯光围网调查以及走航式声学调查,声学仪器采用科学探鱼仪SIMRAD EY60(70 kHz),声学数据后处理软件为ECHOVIEW 5.3。通过分析渔业声学数据,并结合灯光围网采样和生物学测定数据,对春季和夏季调查区域游泳动物总生物量及主要评估种类生物量做了初步评估与分析,结果表明:(1)春季声学调查总面积约2.50×105 nmi~2,调查海域总生物量为2.23×10~6 t,平均总生物量密度为8905 kg/nmi~2,主要集中在40°N附近的第3、4个断面上(39°N~41°N)。主要渔场位于150°E~153°E、39°N~41°N之间。主要评估生物种类中,日本鲭(Scomber japonicus)生物量为1.26×10~6 t,平均生物量密度是5040 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的58.1%;日本乌鲂(Brama japonica)生物量为2.25×105 t,平均生物量密度是900 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的10.3%;太平洋褶柔鱼(Todarodes pacificus)生物量为2.07×105 t,平均生物量密度是828 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的9.5%;远东拟沙丁鱼(Sardinops sagax)生物量为1.15×105 t,平均生物量密度是460 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的5.3%;大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta)生物量为1.10×105 t,平均生物量密度是440 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的5.0%;灯笼鱼科鱼类(Myctophidae)生物量为1.73×105 t,平均生物量密度是692 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的7.9%;日本爪乌贼(Onychoteuthis borealijaponica)生物量为8.35×104 t,平均生物量密度是334 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的3.8%。(2)夏季声学调查总面积约2.96×105 nmi~2,调查海域评估生物总生物量为7.91×10~6 t,平均总生物量密度为26723 kg/nmi~2,主要集中在39°N断面上(38°N~40°N)。主要渔场位于153°E~156°E、40°N~43°N之间。主要评估生物种类中,日本鲭生物量为1.78×10~6 t,平均生物量密度是6014 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的22.5%;柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartrami)生物量为5.23×10~6 t,平均生物量密度是17669 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的66.1%;日本乌鲂生物量为8.93×104 t,平均生物量密度是302 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的1.13%;日本爪乌贼生物量为9.19×104 t,平均生物量密度是310 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的1.16%;远东拟沙丁鱼生物量为7.51×104 t,平均生物量密度是254kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的0.95%;大麻哈鱼生物量为2.14×105 t,平均生物量密度是723kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的2.71%;灯笼鱼科鱼类生物量为6.08×104 t,平均生物量密度是205 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的0.77%;圆湽属鱼类(Decapterus)(长体圆湽和红鳍圆湽)生物量为9.82×104 t,平均生物量密度是332 kg/nmi~2,占总生物量的1.21%。本文通过对春夏两季西北太平洋海域的渔业资源量进行声学评估,比较分析了主要评估生物种类资源量大小及其分布随季节的变化。既是对西北太平洋渔业资源的评估同时也开拓了我国渔业声学方法在远洋中的应用,另外,渔场分布亦可为指导渔业生产等提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:The output of Marine Fisheries in the Northwest Pacific Ocean has always been the highest yield area in the FAO statistical area. To grasp the status quo of fishery resources in this area and to guide the production of fishing vessels scientifically will be conducive to improving the economic efficiency and comprehensive competitiveness of our pelagic fishing vessels and achieving the sustainable development of our pelagic fisheries. From May to July, 16 years, light enclosure survey and navigational acoustic survey were carried out by two chartered pelagic fishing vessels in the 35 N 43 N and 147 E 160 E areas. The acoustic instruments were SIMRAD EY60 (70 kHz), and the acoustic data processing software was ECHOVIEW 5.3. The total biomass of swimming animals and the biomass of the main evaluated species in spring and summer were evaluated and analyzed by light purse seine sampling and biological measurement. The results showed that: (1) The total area of acoustic survey in spring was about 2.50 65507 The biomass of Scomber japonicus was 1.26 x 10~6 t, the average biomass density was 5040 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 58.1% of the total biomass, and the biomass of Brama japonica was 2.25%. * 105 T, the average biomass density was 900 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 10.3% of the total biomass. The biomass of Todarodes pacificus was 2.07 * 105 T, the average biomass density was 828 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 9.5% of the total biomass; the Far East sardine (Sardinops sagax) biomass was 1.15 * 105 T, and the average biomass density was 460 kg/nmi~2, accounting for the total population. The biomass of Oncorhynchus keta was 1.10 x 105 t, the average biomass density was 440 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 5.0% of the total biomass, Myctophidae was 1.73 x 105 t, the average biomass density was 692 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 7.9% of the total biomass, and Onychouthis Borealis japonica was 1.73 x 105 t. The average biomass density was 334 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 3.8% of the total biomass. (2) The total area of acoustical survey in summer was about 2.96 x 105 nmi~2. The total biomass was 7.91 x 10~6 T and the average biomass density was 26723 kg/nmi~2. The main fishing grounds were located at 153 E~156 E and 40 N~156 E, respectively. The biomass of mackerel (Mackerel japonica) was 1.78 6550 The biomass density was 302 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 1.13% of the total biomass. The biomass of Japanese cuttlefish was 9.19 x 104 T, the average biomass density was 310 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 1.16% of the total biomass. The biomass of the Far East sardine was 7.51 x 104 T, the average biomass density was 254kg/nmi~2, accounting for 0.95% of the total biomass, and the biomass of the salmon was 2.14, 105 T, and average. The biomass density was 723 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 2.71% of the total biomass; the biomass density of Lantern Fishes was 6.08 *104 t, and the average biomass density was 205 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 0.77% of the total biomass; the biomass of Decapterus (Rhododendron spp.) was 9.82 *104 t, and the average biomass density was 332 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 1.21% of the total biomass. Based on the acoustic evaluation of the fishery resources in the Northwest Pacific Ocean in spring and summer, this paper compares and analyzes the seasonal variation of the biomass resources and their distribution in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. It can provide scientific basis for guiding fishery production.
【学位授予单位】：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S932
，
本文编号：2177690
[Abstract]:The output of Marine Fisheries in the Northwest Pacific Ocean has always been the highest yield area in the FAO statistical area. To grasp the status quo of fishery resources in this area and to guide the production of fishing vessels scientifically will be conducive to improving the economic efficiency and comprehensive competitiveness of our pelagic fishing vessels and achieving the sustainable development of our pelagic fisheries. From May to July, 16 years, light enclosure survey and navigational acoustic survey were carried out by two chartered pelagic fishing vessels in the 35 N 43 N and 147 E 160 E areas. The acoustic instruments were SIMRAD EY60 (70 kHz), and the acoustic data processing software was ECHOVIEW 5.3. The total biomass of swimming animals and the biomass of the main evaluated species in spring and summer were evaluated and analyzed by light purse seine sampling and biological measurement. The results showed that: (1) The total area of acoustic survey in spring was about 2.50 65507 The biomass of Scomber japonicus was 1.26 x 10~6 t, the average biomass density was 5040 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 58.1% of the total biomass, and the biomass of Brama japonica was 2.25%. * 105 T, the average biomass density was 900 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 10.3% of the total biomass. The biomass of Todarodes pacificus was 2.07 * 105 T, the average biomass density was 828 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 9.5% of the total biomass; the Far East sardine (Sardinops sagax) biomass was 1.15 * 105 T, and the average biomass density was 460 kg/nmi~2, accounting for the total population. The biomass of Oncorhynchus keta was 1.10 x 105 t, the average biomass density was 440 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 5.0% of the total biomass, Myctophidae was 1.73 x 105 t, the average biomass density was 692 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 7.9% of the total biomass, and Onychouthis Borealis japonica was 1.73 x 105 t. The average biomass density was 334 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 3.8% of the total biomass. (2) The total area of acoustical survey in summer was about 2.96 x 105 nmi~2. The total biomass was 7.91 x 10~6 T and the average biomass density was 26723 kg/nmi~2. The main fishing grounds were located at 153 E~156 E and 40 N~156 E, respectively. The biomass of mackerel (Mackerel japonica) was 1.78 6550 The biomass density was 302 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 1.13% of the total biomass. The biomass of Japanese cuttlefish was 9.19 x 104 T, the average biomass density was 310 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 1.16% of the total biomass. The biomass of the Far East sardine was 7.51 x 104 T, the average biomass density was 254kg/nmi~2, accounting for 0.95% of the total biomass, and the biomass of the salmon was 2.14, 105 T, and average. The biomass density was 723 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 2.71% of the total biomass; the biomass density of Lantern Fishes was 6.08 *104 t, and the average biomass density was 205 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 0.77% of the total biomass; the biomass of Decapterus (Rhododendron spp.) was 9.82 *104 t, and the average biomass density was 332 kg/nmi~2, accounting for 1.21% of the total biomass. Based on the acoustic evaluation of the fishery resources in the Northwest Pacific Ocean in spring and summer, this paper compares and analyzes the seasonal variation of the biomass resources and their distribution in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. It can provide scientific basis for guiding fishery production.
【学位授予单位】：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S932
，
本文编号：2177690
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