动车组转向架关键零部件的故障规律及维修策略研究

发布时间：2018-09-12 19:02

【摘要】：随着我国经济的飞跃发展,铁路交通尤其是客运已经逐步进入高速化时代。近些年来,具有世界先进水平的高速列车已大范围地在我国投入运行,极大地提高了我国铁路运输能力,取得了巨大的社会和经济效益。与此同时,随着动车组运营数量的迅速增长,对动车组在运行可靠性和安全性方面的要求越来越高。转向架是动车组最重要组成部分之一,其运行状态直接影响列车的运行安全,因此转向架的维修工作就成了当前亟待解决的课题。本文以“以可靠性为中心的维修”的理论及某型动车组的故障数据为基础,首先通过对动车组运用和维修故障数据的整理、统计和分析,确定动车组转向架的主要故障明细,并在此基础上,通过对转向架故障模式及影响分析的研究,确定了转向架的典型故障模式以及关键部件；然后对转向架的关键部件进行故障分布规律的研究,构建故障的分布模型：接着,针对转向架维修的实际需求,分别研究了基于单目标和多目标优化的预防性维修模型,并通过引入机会维修阈值,分别建立了以总维修成本最小化和可用度最大化为目标的多部件串联系统的机会预防维修模型。最后,通过实例仿真,得到转向架在有限运行时间内的维修优化策略。计算结果显示,求解得到的维修优化策略基本符合维修工作中的实际情况,而且在合理保障了转向架系统可靠性的同时,既降低了总维修费用又提高了有效度,合理的配置了维修资源,提升了维修效率。这为今后动车组转向架的维修管理提供了一种有效的解决办法,具有较高的工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, railway traffic, especially passenger transport, has gradually entered the high-speed era. In recent years, high-speed trains with advanced level in the world have been put into operation in our country in a wide range, which has greatly improved the capacity of railway transportation in our country, and obtained enormous social and economic benefits. At the same time, with the rapid growth of the number of EMU operation, the requirements for the reliability and safety of EMU are higher and higher. Bogie is one of the most important parts of EMU, and its running state directly affects the safety of train operation. Therefore, the maintenance of bogie becomes an urgent task to be solved. Based on the theory of "reliability centered maintenance" and the fault data of a certain type of EMU, the main faults of the EMU bogie are determined by the arrangement, statistics and analysis of the EMU application and maintenance fault data. On this basis, the typical fault mode and key components of bogie are determined by studying the fault mode and influence analysis of bogie, and then the fault distribution law of the key parts of bogie is studied. Secondly, the preventive maintenance model based on single objective and multi-objective optimization is studied according to the actual requirements of bogie maintenance, and the opportunity maintenance threshold is introduced. The opportunistic preventive maintenance models of multicomponent series systems aiming at minimizing the total maintenance cost and maximizing the availability are established respectively. Finally, the optimal maintenance strategy of the bogie in the limited running time is obtained by simulation. The calculation results show that the optimal maintenance strategy obtained by the solution basically accords with the actual situation in the maintenance work, and the reliability of the bogie system is guaranteed reasonably, while the total maintenance cost is reduced and the efficiency degree is improved. Reasonable allocation of maintenance resources, improve the maintenance efficiency. This provides an effective solution for the maintenance and management of EMU bogies in the future and has higher engineering application value.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U269

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