延边地区人口老龄化对区域经济的影响

发布时间：2018-10-16 18:05

【摘要】：人口老龄化是当今世界人口发展的趋势,随着医疗技术的发展和人们对健康重视程度的提高,人类的平均寿命也随之增高,死亡率降低,因此人类社会逐渐形成为老龄化社会。一个国家或者一个地区的社会老龄化问题可能引起社会劳动力的不足或者减少,并且在区域经济发展中带来一定的负面影响。延边朝鲜族自治州人口约220万,是我国朝鲜族最大的集中居住地,紧邻韩国、日本和俄罗斯,地处环境和社会文化比较特殊,因此近年来大量劳动力向国外流出,特别是到语言方面具有优势的韩国的劳动力逐年增加。据统计2014年在韩国滞留的朝鲜族人口已经达到了 50多万,并且都是年轻体壮的劳动力人口为主,而留在延边地区的劳动力人口明显下降,并且趋向老龄化。延边地区的出生率低于全国平均水平,这也影响着人口的增长速度和人口的增长数量,也影响着劳动力人口的增长。延边地区的所处环境以及文化的特殊性引起的老龄化问题比较突出,要解决老龄化问题所带来的负面影响困难重重,需要延边州政府以及吉林省政府的高度重视和相关政策方面的大力支持。因此,本文对延边地区老龄化问题进行了分析,并对老龄化对延边地区经济所带来的影响进行了分析。日本虽然在社会体制、经济等方面与我国存在着较大的不同和差距,但是两国所面临的社会经济变迁问题很相似。上个世纪70年代开始,日本就出现了社会高龄化现象,并且此现象带来的问题日趋严重,缓解或解决此类问题上日本的经验比较丰富。为便于地区间比较,本文以日本千叶县为例,分析了日本千叶县解决人口老龄化的对策,为延边地区解决老龄化问题提供政策参考,并探讨缓解或减轻延边少数民族地区老龄化问题带来的社会、经济方面负面影响的对策及方法。
[Abstract]:Population aging is the trend of population development in the world today. With the development of medical technology and the improvement of people's attention to health, the average life expectancy of human beings increases and the mortality rate decreases, so human society is gradually formed into an aging society. The aging problem of a country or a region may lead to the shortage or decrease of social labor force and bring some negative effects in the development of regional economy. Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, with a population of about 2.2 million, is the largest concentrated residence of Korean nationality in China. It is close to South Korea, Japan and Russia. It is located in a special environment and social culture. Therefore, in recent years, a large number of labor forces have flowed out of the country. In particular, the Korean labor force, which has an advantage in language, is increasing year by year. According to statistics, the Korean population in South Korea has reached more than half a million in 2014, and most of them are young and strong, while those who remain in Yanbian are obviously declining and tend to be aging. The birth rate in Yanbian is lower than the national average, which affects the population growth rate and population growth, as well as the growth of the labor force. The problem of aging caused by the environment and cultural particularity of Yanbian area is prominent. It is difficult to solve the negative impact of the aging problem. Yanbian government and Jilin provincial government need to attach great importance and relevant policy support. Therefore, this paper analyzes the aging problem in Yanbian area, and analyzes the impact of aging on Yanbian area economy. Although there are great differences and gaps between Japan and China in social system, economy and so on, the problems of social and economic changes faced by the two countries are very similar. Since the 1970s, Japan has appeared the phenomenon of social aging, and this phenomenon brings more and more serious problems. Japan has rich experience in alleviating or solving this kind of problems. In order to facilitate regional comparison, this paper takes Chiba Prefecture of Japan as an example to analyze the countermeasures to solve the problem of aging population in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, and to provide policy reference for solving the problem of aging in Yanbian area. This paper also discusses the countermeasures and methods to alleviate or alleviate the negative social and economic impacts brought by the aging problem in Yanbian ethnic minority areas.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.24;F127

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