安徽省某农村地区老年人日常生活能力现状及影响因素研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 17:14
【摘要】：目的了解安徽某农村地区老年人的日常生活能力(Activities of Daily Living,ADL)现状及其主要影响因素,为改善老年人的健康状况提供重要的科学依据。方法整群抽取安徽省马鞍市当涂县某乡镇为研究现场,以60岁及以上并且居住1年以上的老年人为研究对象,进行问卷调查,包括一般人口学特征调查表、社会支持评定量表、日常生活能力量表、焦虑自评量表、简版老年抑郁量表。使用SPSS16.0统计软件对数据进行统计分析。结果本次调查3182人,其中男1320人,女1862人,平均年龄为(70.70±6.97)岁。1.老年人的日常生活能力现状:老年人ADL受损率为61.1%,其中功能下降者1331人,占41.8%,功能明显障碍者613人,占19.3%,以工具性日常生活能力(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living,IADL)受损为主(60.6%),其中“打电话”受损率最高。躯体生活自理能力(Physical Self-Maintenance Scale,PSMS)受损率为14.0%,其中受损率最高的是“行走”。2.ADL影响因素的单因素分析:不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、居住情况、自评经济水平、自评劳动强度、慢性病、吸烟、饮酒、有无焦虑、抑郁及不同的社会支持情况的老年人总的ADL受损率的组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),在女性、年龄较大、文盲、丧偶、独居、自评经济差、自评劳动强度小、患多种慢性病、不吸烟、不饮酒组的受损率较高,受损组的社会支持总分及三个分量表的得分均低于正常组;不同年龄、婚姻状况、居住情况、自评经济水平、自评劳动强度、慢性病、吸烟、饮酒、有无焦虑、抑郁及不同的社会支持总分、主观支持得分和客观支持得分的老年人PSMS受损率的组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),在年龄较大、丧偶、独居、自评经济差、自评劳动强度小、患多种慢性病、不吸烟、不饮酒组的受损率较高,受损组的社会支持总分、客观支持及主观支持得分低于正常组;不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、居住情况、自评经济水平、自评劳动强度、慢性病、吸烟、饮酒、有无焦虑、抑郁及不同社会支持的老年人IADL受损率的组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),在女性、年龄较大、文盲、丧偶、独居、自评经济差、自评劳动强度小、患多种慢性病、不吸烟、不饮酒组的受损率较高,受损组的社会支持总分及三个分量表的得分均低于正常组。3.ADL影响因素的二分类Logistic回归分析:性别为女性、较大年龄、自评经济水平一般和差、患多种慢性病、有抑郁症状可能是总的ADL受损的危险因素,非文盲,饮酒、主观支持和支持利用度高可能是总的ADL受损的保护因素;较大年龄、自评经济水平差、患有慢性病、有焦虑及抑郁可能是PSMS受损的危险因素,自评劳动强度中等及以下是PSMS的保护因素;性别为女性、较大年龄、自评经济水平一般和差、患多种慢性病、有抑郁症状可能是IADL受损的危险因素,非文盲,饮酒、主观支持和支持利用度高可能是IADL受损的保护因素。结论马鞍山当涂县某乡镇的农村老年人日常生活能力状况较差,并与年龄、经济水平、慢性病、饮酒、抑郁等多种因素相关,应针对以上相关影响因素采取积极有效的措施,以提高老年人的健康水平和日常生活能力状况。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the current status and main influencing factors of the daily living capacity (ADL) of the elderly in a rural area of Anhui, and to provide an important scientific basis for improving the health status of the elderly. Methods A group of elderly people, aged 60 and over, who lived for more than 1 year, was used as the research object. The questionnaire was carried out, including the general demographic characteristics questionnaire, the social support rating scale and the daily life energy table. The anxiety self-rating scale, the first edition of the old depression scale. The data was statistically analyzed using the SPSS16. 0 statistical software. Results The average age of the 3182 persons, including 1320 males and 1862 females, was (70. 70 to 6.97) years. The current status of daily life of the elderly: the loss rate of ADL of the aged is 61.1%, among which, 1331 persons, accounting for 41. 8%, the function of the disabled is 613, accounting for 19. 3%, and the instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) is the main (60.6%). in which the 鈥渕ake a call鈥，
本文编号：2329808
[Abstract]:Objective To study the current status and main influencing factors of the daily living capacity (ADL) of the elderly in a rural area of Anhui, and to provide an important scientific basis for improving the health status of the elderly. Methods A group of elderly people, aged 60 and over, who lived for more than 1 year, was used as the research object. The questionnaire was carried out, including the general demographic characteristics questionnaire, the social support rating scale and the daily life energy table. The anxiety self-rating scale, the first edition of the old depression scale. The data was statistically analyzed using the SPSS16. 0 statistical software. Results The average age of the 3182 persons, including 1320 males and 1862 females, was (70. 70 to 6.97) years. The current status of daily life of the elderly: the loss rate of ADL of the aged is 61.1%, among which, 1331 persons, accounting for 41. 8%, the function of the disabled is 613, accounting for 19. 3%, and the instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) is the main (60.6%). in which the 鈥渕ake a call鈥，
本文编号：2329808
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