云南省农业区域经济差异研究

发布时间：2018-11-27 10:38

【摘要】：农业区域经济差异是普遍存在的,影响着一个地区和国家的经济社会进步与稳定。本文分别以云南省16个市州和129个县为研究单元,从多尺度视角,建立主要指标和综合指标两组指标集合,采用变异系数、基尼系数并结合数据比较和计算结果对比,测度1995-2014年的时间动态变化;并选取4个时间截面作空间剖析;研究中使用ArcGIS、SPASS、GeoDa等多种现代技术和软件相结合对统计数据进行常规统计分析和空间统计分析,从而揭示了云南省市域和县域农业区域经济的时空演变特征。通过分析得出云南省农业区域经济总体发展缓慢,局部发展较快,并呈现出显著的东部发展水平较高,西北部发展水平很低的空间格局。从东往西大致呈横“T字型”的特征,该特征在县域层面更显著,近年来该“T字型”农业区域经济带有南北扩散趋势,特别是往南扩散更明显。从时间序列得出,农业总产值、农村居民人均纯收入均存在显著的区域异,其中县域层差异更大。变异系数看两个层面农业总产值表现的区域差异更大,农业总产值发展水平差异“先小后大”,反之,农民人均纯收入的区域差异是“先大后小”,并整体逐步缩小的趋势发展。基尼系数也反映出与变异系数一致的变化特征;不同的是基尼系数反映出的云南农业区域经济差异的时间变化市州层面比县区层面变化更显著。另外,对市州基尼系数进行分解所得的差异贡献结果可知,2008年前,农、牧差异的贡献率是其中较大的,而在2008后差异贡献率最大的为副业;此外,农、林、牧、渔对差异的贡献率总趋势在减小。从空间分析看,市域层主要有3个影响农业市域经济的因子,并将综合因子得分聚为4类;而县域层面主要为2个影响农业县域经济的因子,综合因子得分聚为8类;以综合因子得分作为反映云南省农业区域经济的总体水平;得到的结果为:云南大面积处于欠发达以下水平,从东往西,即横穿东、中、西中心轴线附近的县区农业区域经济水平发展较好,但中部城市化水平较高的县区其农业区域经济水平低于其周围县区。因此,农业区域经济水平受自然地理环境分异作用和人文地理环境影响,呈现出显著的地域分异格局。从空间自相关分析结果可知,云南省农业区域经济发展水平存在显著的空间相关性,农业区域经济水平高的区域在空间上相邻,并集聚在一片区域,反之农业区域经济水平较低的区域也空间相邻并集聚在一起,但局域显著性水平上农业区域经济发展的区域带动作用不强,农业区域经济水平高的地区和差的地区多年来稳定不变,两极分化持续扩大。
[Abstract]:Agricultural regional economic differences are common and affect the economic and social progress and stability of a region and a country. In this paper, 16 prefectures and 129 counties in Yunnan Province are taken as the research units. From the view of multi-scale, two sets of main indexes and comprehensive indexes are established. The coefficient of variation, the Gini coefficient, the data comparison and the comparison of the calculated results are adopted. Measure the time dynamics of 1995-2014; Four time sections are selected for spatial analysis. In this study, ArcGIS,SPASS,GeoDa and other modern techniques and software were used to analyze the statistical data, which revealed the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the agricultural regional economy in Yunnan Province. It is concluded that the agricultural regional economy in Yunnan Province is developing slowly and locally, and the spatial pattern of higher level of development in the eastern part and lower level in the northwest of Yunnan Province is presented. From east to west, there is a transverse "T" pattern, which is more obvious at the county level. In recent years, the "T-shaped" agricultural regional economy has a tendency to spread from north to south, especially to the south. From the time series, there are significant regional differences in the total agricultural output value and the per capita net income of rural residents, among which the difference in county level is even greater. The coefficient of variation shows a greater regional difference in the performance of the total agricultural output value at the two levels. The difference in the level of development of agricultural output value is "small first and then great", whereas the regional difference in the per capita net income of farmers is "the first big after the small". And the overall trend of gradual narrowing of the development. The Gini coefficient also reflects the change characteristics consistent with the variation coefficient, but the difference is that the temporal change of the economic difference in Yunnan agricultural regions reflected by the Gini coefficient is more significant at the city level than at the county level. In addition, the results of the analysis of the Gini coefficient showed that before 2008, the contribution rate of the difference between agriculture and animal husbandry was greater, but after 2008, the contribution rate of the difference was the sideline. In addition, the contribution rate of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery to the difference is decreasing. From the spatial analysis, there are three factors that affect the agricultural economy in the city level, and the scores of the comprehensive factors are divided into four categories, while the county level is mainly two factors affecting the agricultural county economy, and the score of the comprehensive factors is 8 categories. Taking the comprehensive factor score as the reflection of the overall level of agricultural regional economy in Yunnan Province; The results are as follows: a large area of Yunnan is below the level of underdevelopment, and the agricultural regional economic level of the county area near the central axis of the east, middle and west is better developed from east to west, that is, across the east to the west. However, the agricultural regional economic level of the counties with higher urbanization level in the central region is lower than that of the surrounding counties. Therefore, the regional economic level of agriculture is affected by the differentiation of natural geographical environment and the human geographical environment, showing a significant pattern of regional differentiation. The results of spatial autocorrelation analysis show that there is a significant spatial correlation in the level of agricultural regional economic development in Yunnan Province. The regions with high economic level of agriculture are adjacent to each other in space and gather in a region. On the contrary, the regions with lower level of agricultural economy are adjacent to each other and gather together in space, but the regional driving effect of regional economic development is not strong at the level of local significance. Agricultural regions with high economic levels and poor areas have remained stable for many years, and polarization has continued to expand.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F327

【相似文献】