博茨瓦纳的出口多元化研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 07:57

【摘要】：博茨瓦纳因为政局平稳和经济稳定被称赞,尽管在独立之前它是最贫穷的国家之一。三十年后的今天它已经是一个中产阶级国家,然而这却掩盖了它的经济弱点,尤其是该国收入严重依赖钻石开采。不幸的是,随着钻石储备的逐渐减少,这部分收入将从2027年开始逐渐消失。本文的研究将为博茨瓦纳的政策制定者们提供很好的理论框架,以便在此基础上制定出成功的政策改革方案,推动出口多元化进程,提高博茨瓦纳的经济水平。就学术贡献而言,这项研究将为进一步研究博茨瓦纳出口多样化的人提供一个坚实的理论基础。由于出口多样化在本质上需要定性研究,并可以通过政策改革实现,本文的粗略研究将结合博茨瓦纳的贸易政策研究和可信数据库的统计信息而使文章更加丰富。通过评估博茨瓦纳出口结构揭示出由结构问题导致的担忧之处。本文的理论分析探讨了来自不同学者的关于出口多元化必不可少的要素条件,这些要素包括国家大小、制度和治理的效果、地理位置和市场规模等等。此外,博茨瓦纳可以从其他资源丰富的国家如智利、莫桑比克和马来西亚的经验中揭示重要的经验教训。研究结果表明,博茨瓦纳政府应重视投资者的商业环境,设立特别资金用于中小型企业的激励机制、贸易便利化、人力技能培训和出口促进计划,以使国家处于一个有利于促进出口多样化进程的环境。此外,部门的具体举措应侧重于增加牛肉产业、皮革制造,汽车行业和纺织部门的产量和出口。总之,博茨瓦纳应制定长期战略、实施机构改革以培育出口多样化。
[Abstract]:Botswana was praised for political stability and economic stability, though it was one of the poorest countries before independence. Thirty years later, it is already a middle-class country, but this conceals its economic weakness, especially as it relies heavily on diamond mining for its income. Unfortunately, as diamond reserves dwindle, this revenue will fade from 2027 onwards. The research in this paper will provide a good theoretical framework for the policy makers in Botswana, so as to formulate a successful policy reform plan, promote the export diversification process, and improve the economic level of Botswana. In terms of academic contributions, this study will provide a solid theoretical basis for further research on Botswana's export diversification. Since export diversification needs qualitative research in nature and can be realized through policy reform, the rough study in this paper will be enriched by combining Botswana's trade policy research with statistical information from credible databases. An assessment of Botswana's export structure reveals structural concerns. The theoretical analysis of this paper discusses the essential factors of export diversification from different scholars, including the size of the country, the effect of system and governance, geographical location and market size, and so on. In addition, Botswana can draw important lessons from the experiences of other resource-rich countries such as Chile, Mozambique and Malaysia. The findings indicate that the Government of Botswana should focus on the business environment of investors by establishing special funds for incentives for small and medium-sized enterprises, trade facilitation, human skills training and export promotion programmes, To put the country in an environment conducive to the process of export diversification. In addition, sector-specific initiatives should focus on increasing production and exports in the beef, leather, automotive and textile sectors. In conclusion, Botswana should develop a long-term strategy and implement institutional reforms to foster export diversification.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F746.12

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