山西省地级城市人居环境时空演变研究

发布时间：2019-01-03 13:27

【摘要】：基于国内外已有关于人居环境及城市生态系统等多方面的文献资料,立足“以人为本”原则,从社会经济环境、居住环境、基础设施与公共服务环境、生态环境四个方面构建了符合山西省实际的地级城市人居环境综合评价指标体系,共选取28项评价指标。以2005~2014年为研究周期,综合运用层次分析法(AHP)与生态健康距离模型(Health Distance Modal)评价法通过宜居度指数对山西省11个城市人居环境进行测度。利用Arcgis空间分析方法等技术手段将2005、2008、2011、2014年四个时间截面上山西省地级城市人居环境综合统计分析结果进行空间可视化表达。基于上述研究结果,从空间格局、时空演变特征、影响因素、驱动机理等方面对山西省地级城市人居环境展开分析,并且针对现有问题给出了提升山西省地级城市人居环境的对策。(1)时间方面:省域层面上,2005~2014年山西省城市人居环境宜居度呈现直线上升趋势,整体宜居度水平有了较大幅度的提升;市域层面上,山西省11个地级城市人居环境宜居度都呈整体性特征以及极值分布性特征。(2)空间方面:整体上,山西省地级城市人居环境状况在空间分布格局上基本稳定,且呈现出趋于地域间均衡布局的演变特征,城市人居环境基本上实现了由低等级向高等级的转变;分区域来看,2005~2014年山西省地级城市人居环境在空间布局上呈现出晋北、晋中、晋东南、晋南多中心性差异性特征及较为明显的方向性特征。山西省城市人居环境评价等级较高的区域在空间分布上自北向南略呈“条带状”,交叉布局。(3)造成山西省11个地级城市人居环境时空差异的原因众多。总体来看,社会经济环境因素是其首要影响因素,居住环境、基础设施与公共服务环境以及生态环境亦会在不同程度上对其产生影响。各要素相互作用,促进了山西省地级城市人居环境时空演化。(4)结合山西省地级城市人居环境建设的实际情况,对于提升区域人居环境宜居水平给出以下几点建议:积极发展社会经济,提升经济富裕程度;城市规划先行,提升居住环境品质;加大城市环保及基础设施建设投入力度,强化公共服务水平;树立可持续的城市发展观,打造宜居生态城市是今后提高山西省地级城市人居环境的主要方向。综上所述,本文将“城市人居环境宜居度”纳入城市人居环境系统研究的理论框架,创新性将主要用于评价、描述生态系统演化过程的生态健康距离模型(Health Distance Modal)应用到人居环境时空演变状况的评价中来,并将其与层次分析法(AHP)进行有机结合,丰富和拓展了城市人居环境评价的理论基础及方法体系。
[Abstract]:Based on the existing literature on human settlements and urban ecosystem, and based on the principle of "people-oriented", this paper focuses on the social and economic environment, living environment, infrastructure and public service environment. The comprehensive evaluation index system of residential environment of prefecture-level cities was constructed in four aspects of ecological environment, and 28 evaluation indexes were selected. Taking the period of 2005 ~ 2014 as the research cycle, this paper measures the residential environment of 11 cities in Shanxi Province by using the AHP (AHP) and the ecological health distance model (Health Distance Modal) evaluation method through liveability index. The results of comprehensive statistical analysis of residential environment of prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province in four time sections in 2008 and 2014 were visualized by means of Arcgis spatial analysis method. Based on the above research results, this paper analyzes the residential environment of prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province from the aspects of spatial pattern, space-time evolution characteristics, influencing factors, driving mechanism, and so on. And according to the existing problems, the countermeasures to improve the residential environment of prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province are given. (1) in terms of time: from 2005 to 2014, the livable degree of urban human settlements in Shanxi Province shows a straight upward trend. The overall level of livable degree has been greatly improved; At the municipal level, the habitability of human settlements in 11 prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province is characterized by integrity and extreme value distribution. (2) on the whole, the residential environment of prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province is basically stable in the spatial distribution pattern. The urban human settlement environment basically realized the transition from low grade to high level. From 2005 to 2014, the residential environment of prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province showed the characteristics of multi-center difference and obvious directionality in the spatial distribution of Shanxi, Jinzhong, southeastern and southern Shanxi. The regions with higher evaluation level of urban human settlement environment in Shanxi Province have a "strip" in spatial distribution from north to south. (3) there are many reasons for the space-time difference of human settlements environment in 11 cities of Shanxi Province. In general, social and economic environmental factors are the primary influencing factors. The living environment, infrastructure, public service environment and ecological environment will also affect it to some extent. The interaction of various factors has promoted the space-time evolution of human settlement environment in prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province. (4) combined with the actual situation of the construction of residential environment in prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province, The following suggestions are given for improving the livable level of regional human settlements: actively developing the social economy and promoting the economic affluence; The first step of urban planning is to improve the quality of living environment, to increase the investment of urban environmental protection and infrastructure construction, and to strengthen the level of public service. It is the main direction to improve the residential environment of prefectural cities in Shanxi Province in the future to establish a sustainable urban development concept and a livable ecological city. To sum up, this paper brings the "livable degree of urban human settlements" into the theoretical framework of urban human settlements system research, and innovation will be mainly used for evaluation. The ecological health distance model (Health Distance Modal), which describes the evolution process of ecosystem, is applied to the evaluation of the temporal and spatial evolution of human settlements, and it is combined with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). It enriches and expands the theoretical basis and method system of urban human settlements assessment.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K901

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