开放条件下宏观经济非均衡成因探析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 08:36

本文关键词： 微观市场非均衡地区经济发展非均衡比较优势 WTO　出处：《福州大学》2003年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 上个世纪九十年代末，中国的宏观经济运行出现了若干非均衡的特征，各微观市场运行的非均衡矛盾凸现，经济发展的空间非均衡问题日益突出。非均衡现实的存在，已经成为阻碍中国经济深度发展的重要瓶颈。研究非均衡现象的成因，探寻解决的对策，是一个极具现实意义的课题。国内外对非均衡经济理论及现实应用的研究虽形成了大量文献和成果，但很少有将其置于开放经济环境下的论述。本文正是立足于开放经济的背景，试图抽象出两大非均衡现象中共同的开放性特征因素，寻求发现非均衡经济与开放经济的某种内在关联。在确立“非均衡理论”、“新古典趋同假说”和两种“比较优势理论”作为文章的理论基础后，通过构建关于三个微观市场（商品市场、劳动力市场和国际收支）的两阶段模型，对地区间非均衡经济成因修正后的“出口基地”模型，，本文在开放经济条件下对两大非均衡现象的成因进行了探析，其中主要分析了对外贸易活动对非均衡形成的影响。研究表明：（1）在开放经济条件下，对外贸易活动通过使要素禀赋优势发生变动并自我强化，可以内生地改变一国产业结构，从而影响国内各市场的出清状况。非均衡经济的出现，表面上是受到开放经济的外部冲击而造成，实际上其根源在于一国内部产业结构发展的非均衡；（2）中西部地区经济发展落后的原因并非遵循静态比较优势规律指导的恶果，其重要原因之一恰恰是没有真正发挥本地区的丰富资源及比较优势。在对两大非均衡问题的开放性成因进行分析之后，结合中国加入WTO的最新形势，文章从开放性因素的角度讨论了针对上述两大非均衡问题的对策。对两大非均衡问题成因的开放性因素探析和及其理论依据表明：对一国整体发展而言，着眼于培育未来竞争优势的动态比较优势理论应当更有指导意义。但在涉及一国内部地区间经济非均衡问题时，新古典主义的静态比较优势理论对落后地区经济起飞的指导作用更为重大。有鉴于此，本文最后提出了在WTO外部约束框架之下中国选择开放性对策的建议。
[Abstract]:At the end of -10s, the macro-economic operation of China appeared a number of disequilibrium characteristics, the disequilibrium contradiction of various microcosmic markets appeared, the spatial disequilibrium problem of economic development became more and more prominent, the existence of disequilibrium reality, It has become an important bottleneck that hinders the deep development of Chinese economy. Although the research on unbalanced economic theory and its practical application has formed a large number of documents and achievements at home and abroad, However, it is seldom discussed that it should be placed in the environment of open economy. This paper is based on the background of open economy and tries to abstract the common opening characteristic factors of the two non-equilibrium phenomena. Seeking to find some internal connection between unbalanced economy and open economy. After establishing "disequilibrium theory", "neo-classical convergence hypothesis" and "two kinds of comparative advantage theory" as the theoretical basis of the article, this paper constructs a two-stage model of three micro markets (commodity market, labor market and balance of payments). On the basis of the revised "export base" model of the inter-regional unbalanced economy, this paper analyzes the causes of the two major disequilibrium phenomena under the condition of open economy. It mainly analyzes the influence of foreign trade activities on the formation of non-equilibrium. The study shows that under the condition of open economy, foreign trade activities can endogenously change a country's industrial structure by changing its factor endowment advantages and strengthening itself. Thus affecting the clearing of domestic markets. The emergence of unbalanced economies is, on the surface, caused by external shocks from the open economy. In fact, its roots lie in the unbalanced development of industrial structure within a country) the reason why the economic development of the central and western regions is backward is not a bad result guided by the law of static comparative advantage. One of the important reasons is that the rich resources and comparative advantages of the region are not really brought into play. After analyzing the open causes of the two major unbalanced problems, and considering the latest situation of China's entry into the WTO, This paper discusses the countermeasures against the above two problems from the angle of opening factors. The analysis of the open factors and the theoretical basis of the causes of the two problems show that: for the development of a country as a whole, The theory of dynamic comparative advantage with a view to fostering future competitive advantage should be more instructive. However, when it comes to the problem of economic imbalance between regions within a country, The static comparative advantage theory of neoclassicism plays a more important role in guiding the economic take-off in backward regions. In view of this, this paper finally puts forward some suggestions on China's choice of open countermeasures under the framework of WTO external constraints.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F015

【引证文献】