野生动物捕猎行为社会经济调查分析

发布时间：2018-02-22 18:13

本文关键词： 猎人野生动物行为调查生物多样性保护　出处：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：狩猎是非洲加蓬农村居民几千人维持生计的主要手段,猎人的捕猎行为直接影响到区域森林野生动物的生存。特别是在非洲中部的丛林地带,由于狩猎获得的野生动物是当地村民的重要蛋白质来源,增加了当地的狩猎强度,影响到当地野生动物的生存和区域生物多样性的保护,为此我们以奥果韦伊温多和尼扬加省为研究对象,研究猎人捕猎行为的主要影响因素,及其对当地村民生活状况和社会经济状况的影响,旨在为区域生物多样性保护和狩猎行为的可持续性发展提供理论支撑。本研究调查了加蓬2个省20个村庄非长期狩猎的行为概况,主要包括六个方面： (1)狩猎成员的组成； (2)狩猎的主要目的； (3)猎杀的主要动物种类； (4)猎杀动物的主要方法; (5)猎杀动物的主要区域； (6)猎杀后动物的利用方式。通过这六方面的调查和分析,我们对区域狩猎的可持续性进行评估。研究发现狩猎仍然是当地村民生存的重要食物来源,参与狩猎活动的主要成员是41-50岁的男性村民。60-70岁人狩猎的主要目的是养家,51-60岁入主要是保护土地,31-50岁人主要是处于职业的需求。狩猎的主要动物为兰羚羊(Cephalophus monticola)、豪猪(Atherurus africanus)、红羚羊(Cephalophus sp.)等。48.5%的猎人用枪捕猎,29.1%的猎人用陷阱机型捕猎,不同年龄段比例不同。通常猎人狩猎的范围不超过各自村庄的管辖区域和不超过一天的路程。捕捉到的野生动物直接进行贩卖或消费掉。分析认为林业活动的增加不会影响到奥果韦伊温多河和尼扬加猎人的行为。丛林野生生物肉类的价格主要受距离市场的远近和途经市场道路的拥挤程度的影响。受当地法律(水和森林部)和保护组织的约束,猎人在狩猎物时通常有选择的保护某些动物。但是最常用的狩猎手段陷阱的特点是随机性强,无法预知将捕获什野生动物的种类。通常有经验老猎人通常可以通过捕获动物的种类来判断猎物的减少情况。
[Abstract]:Hunting is the main means of subsistence for thousands of people living in rural Gabon in Africa, and hunter hunting has a direct impact on the survival of forest wildlife in the region, especially in the jungles of Central Africa. Since wildlife obtained by hunting is an important source of protein for local villagers, it increases the intensity of local hunting and affects the survival of local wildlife and the protection of regional biodiversity. To this end, we have taken the provinces of Ogoway Iwindo and Nyanga as research objects to study the main factors affecting the hunting behaviour of hunters and their impact on the living and socio-economic conditions of local villagers, The aim of this study was to provide theoretical support for the sustainable development of regional biodiversity conservation and hunting behaviour. It mainly includes six aspects: (1) the composition of hunting members; (2) the main purpose of hunting; (3) the main species of animals killed; (4) the main methods of killing animals; (5) the main area where animals are killed; and (6) the way in which animals are used after killing. Through these six aspects of investigation and analysis, We assessed the sustainability of regional hunting. The study found that hunting is still an important source of food for local villagers to survive. The main members of hunting activities are male villagers aged 41-50. 60-70. The main purpose of hunting is to support their families. The main income is to protect the land. The 31-50 age group is mainly in professional need. The main hunting animal is Cephalophus monticolahao. Atherurus africanusus, Cephalophus sp. et al. 48.5% of hunters use guns to hunt 29. 1% of hunters hunt with trap type. The proportion of different age groups is different. Usually the hunting range of hunters does not exceed the jurisdiction of their respective villages and the distance of one day. The wildlife caught is sold or consumed directly. The price of wildlife meat in the jungle is mainly affected by distance from the market and congestion through the market. Local laws (water and forests) influence the price of wildlife meat. ) and the protection of the organization, Hunters usually choose to protect certain animals when hunting. But the most commonly used hunting methods, traps, are characterized by strong randomness. It is impossible to predict the species of wild animals that will be captured.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F069.9;S863

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