马克思生产劳动理论研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 07:01

本文关键词： 一般生产劳动雇佣劳动第一种生产劳动第二种生产劳动服务价值论劳动价值理论国民经济核算理论三次产业划分理论　出处：《西北大学》2005年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生产劳动理论是马克思政治经济学这一伟大理论体系的一个重要组成部分,这一理论在他的整个经济理论体系中占有极其重要的地位。由于马克思的生产劳动观点一方面是在批判和阐述其他人的观点时提出的,马克思对此问题没有集中、全面的论证,另一方面也由于后世的经济学家们没有完整、准确地领会马克思生产劳动理论的思想实质,误解和曲解了马克思的原意,致使生产劳动理论成为政治经济学上的一个老大难问题,成为经济学界长期讨论和争辩不休的重大理论问题之一。围绕生产劳动理论,我国学术界曾在五、六十年代和八、九十年代进行过极其热烈的讨论,当时的焦点主要集中在社会主义生产劳动应该如何划分上,主要形成了所谓宽派、中派、窄派等学术派别。在生产劳动问题上,分歧之大,争论之烈,观点之异,论文之多,都是众多政治经济学问题上所罕见的。但是,解决生产劳动问题又具有极其重大的理论意义和实际意义。一方面,生产劳动和资本是一双对偶概念,恰如一枚硬币的两面,也似成本-收益这样的概念对,两者可以互相发明、相互阐述。另一方面,生产劳动理论与现代产业划分问题和现代国民经济核算问题是什么关系,也是一个必须搞清楚的重大的理论问题和实践问题。我国经济学家大都是从所谓的一般生产劳动观点出发来解决现代产业划分理论和现代国民经济核算理论的,我们认为这是一种完全错误的思想方法。在读博士学位期间,笔者全面、系统地学习了亚·斯密和马克思关于生产劳动理论的全部论述,感觉到国内外经济理论界关于生产劳动理论这个重要问题的讨论和研究有陷入误区之虑,故决定选择生产劳动理论这样一个老大难问题作为自己的博士论文选题,以期能够为彻底解决这个困扰国内外经济理论界多年的老大难问题提供一个新的视角。本论文共分四个部分。在第一部分中,我们回顾了马克思对前人生产劳动理论的批判和继承,这主要包括对亚·斯密以前的重商主义和重农学派经济学家关于生产劳动理论的批评;马克思对亚·斯密生产劳动理论的评论以及马克思对亚·斯密以后的庸俗经济学家关于生产劳动理论的批判。在第二部分中,我们研究了马克思关于生产劳动理论的直接论述,这主要包括马克思在1863-1865年中
[Abstract]:The theory of productive labor is an important part of the great theoretical system of Marx's political economy. This theory plays an extremely important role in his entire economic theoretical system. Since Marx's viewpoint on production and labor was put forward in criticizing and expounding the views of other people, Marx did not have a centralized and comprehensive argument on this issue. On the other hand, because the economists of later generations did not have a complete and accurate understanding of the ideological essence of Marx's theory of productive labor, they misunderstood and misinterpreted Marx's original intention. As a result, the theory of productive labor has become an old and difficult problem in political economy and one of the important theoretical problems which has been discussed and debated for a long time in the field of economics. On the basis of the theory of productive labour, the academic circles of our country held extremely heated discussions in May, 60s and August and 90s. At that time, the focus was mainly on how to divide the socialist productive labour, which mainly formed the so-called broadside. On the issue of production and labor, the differences between them, the fierce debates, the different viewpoints, and the number of papers are rare in many political and economic issues. However, solving the problem of productive labor is of great theoretical and practical significance. On the one hand, productive labor and capital are two dual concepts, just like the two sides of a coin, but also like the concept pair of cost-benefit. On the other hand, what is the relationship between the theory of production and labor, the problem of the division of modern industries and the problem of modern national economic accounting? It is also a major theoretical and practical problem that must be clarified. Most economists in our country solve the modern industrial division theory and the modern national economic accounting theory from the so-called general viewpoint of productive labor. We think this is a completely wrong way of thinking. During my PhD, the author studied all the theories of productive labor by Adam Smith and Marx in a comprehensive and systematic way. Feeling that the discussion and research on the important issue of productive labor theory in the domestic and foreign economic theorists is in a misconception, they decided to choose the old and difficult issue of production labor theory as their own doctoral thesis topic. The aim is to provide a new angle of view for solving this problem which has been puzzling the domestic and foreign economic theorists for many years. This thesis is divided into four parts. In the first part, we review Marx's criticism and inheritance of previous productive labor theory. This mainly includes criticism of Arias Smith's former mercantilist and agricultural school economists on the theory of productive labor; Marx's comments on Adam Smith's theory of productive labor and Marx's criticism of his later vulgar economists on the theory of productive labor. In the second part, we study Marx's direct exposition on the theory of productive labor. This mainly included Marx in the middle of 1863-1865.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：F014.2

【引证文献】