体制转轨背景下的产业结构演进的动力机制及过程研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 04:43

本文选题：产业结构演进 + 产值　；参考：《重庆大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 对产业结构研究虽然没有西方经济理论研究历史久远，但由于它对经济发展有着重要意义，所以从上个世纪以来许多著名的经济学家都致力于产业结构的研究，但这些研究中大多数研究都是通过对经济发展中产业结构演变的现象加以归纳，总结从而得出产业结构演进规律，这种方法固然使理论与实际能很好的吻合，但只是对现象的简单加工，并没有从深层次去揭示产业结构演进的内在规律，这也不利于产业结构理论进一步深化和发展。表征产业结构指标很多，但产值比重指标最具代表性，因此本文中将采用产值比重作为产业结构的指标，于是产值的变化便成为产业结构变迁的关键，产值增长率相对较快的部门或产业、产值比重自然会上升。从长远的角度来看，，大多数部门终将处于消费者主权的时期，所以产值主要由消费者偏好、该产业的必须消费额占收入比重等市场需求因素决定。在短期和一般长期内，消费者偏好，和该产业必须消费额占收入比重可以认为是恒量，则此时，产值的变动主要取决于要素的边际生产力的变化。本文首先依据经济控制论的原理分别建立于“长远时间内”、“短期”和“长期”的产值时间序列函数，然后得出产业结构的时间序列函数，分析产值调整的具体过程，并对库兹涅茨的结论进行了一般性的解释。从中得出结论：站在长远的角度看，应该认为市场中消费者偏好的改变导致需求结构改变是产业结构变化的一个动力来源。但市场经济体制下，行业产量调整，产值的变化实质上是行业内要素调整的结果，或者说是要素流动的结果。要素经济学应是产业结构理论的核心内容。所以可以认为经济体内的产业结构的演进，实质上是产业间要素流动的一种外在经济表现，产业结构的演进的过程就是要素流动的过程。根本的动力是产业的市场需求结构的变动，直接的动力是要素的边际生产力的变动。要素流动是一个极其复杂的过程。本文中借用了人力资本、物质资本和金融资本的概念。笔者认为三者中，只有人力资本和物质资本才是直接的生产要素，金融资本并非是直接生产要素。金融资本是通过转化为人力资本或物质资本然后参与生产过程中。在此认识的基础上笔者进一步论证了这三者本质上都是人类劳动的凝结，只是存在形式和参与生产的方式不同。所以文中分别对人力资本和物质资本流动的影响因素和金融资本的支持因素作了逐一分析，并结合国际上其它国家的经验，得出一些启示以促进产业结构的合理发展。
[Abstract]:Although the study of industrial structure is not as long as that of western economic theory, but because of its great significance to economic development, many famous economists have devoted themselves to the study of industrial structure since the last century. However, most of these studies are through the economic development of the industrial structure of the evolution of the phenomenon summarized, summed up to obtain the evolution of industrial structure, this method certainly makes the theory and practice can be very good agreement. However, the simple processing of the phenomenon does not reveal the inherent law of the evolution of industrial structure from a deep level, which is not conducive to the further deepening and development of the theory of industrial structure. There are many indicators to characterize the industrial structure, but the proportion of output value is the most representative. Therefore, the proportion of output value is used as the index of industrial structure in this paper, so the change of output value becomes the key to the change of industrial structure. The growth rate of output value is relatively fast in departments or industries, the proportion of output value will naturally rise. In the long run, most sectors will eventually be in the period of consumer sovereignty, so the output value is mainly determined by consumer preferences, the industry must consume the proportion of income and other market demand factors. In the short and general long term, consumer preference and the proportion of consumption to income can be regarded as constant, then the change of output value mainly depends on the change of marginal productivity of factors. Based on the principle of economic cybernetics, this paper first establishes the time series function of output value in "long time", "short term" and "long term", then obtains the time series function of industrial structure and analyzes the concrete process of output value adjustment. A general explanation of Kuznets' conclusion is given. From the conclusion: in the long run, it should be considered that the change of consumer preference in the market leads to the change of demand structure, which is a driving force for the change of industrial structure. However, under the market economy system, the change of industry output and output value is essentially the result of the adjustment of factors within the industry, or the result of factor flow. Factor economics should be the core content of industrial structure theory. Therefore, it can be considered that the evolution of industrial structure in an economy is essentially an external economic performance of the flow of elements between industries, and the process of evolution of industrial structure is the process of the flow of elements. The fundamental motive force is the change of the market demand structure of the industry, and the direct power is the change of the marginal productivity of the factor. Factor flow is an extremely complex process. This article borrows the human capital, the material capital and the financial capital concept. The author thinks that only human capital and material capital are the direct factors of production and financial capital is not the direct factor of production. Financial capital is transformed into human or material capital and then participate in the production process. On the basis of this understanding, the author further demonstrates that the three are essentially the condensation of human labor, but the forms of existence and the ways of participating in production are different. So this paper analyzes the influencing factors of human capital and material capital flow and the supporting factors of financial capital one by one. Combined with the experience of other countries in the world, some enlightenments are obtained to promote the rational development of industrial structure.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F062.9

【引证文献】