哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染危害健康的经济损失研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 23:16

本文选题：大气颗粒物 + 健康危害　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染越来越严重,全年空气质量不达标天数基本呈逐年上升趋势,在空气质量不达标期间,城市居民的日常生活、交通运输、身体健康以及城市的经济发展都受到不同程度的影响。由于这些影响越来越大,民众、政府以及有关研究部门对大气颗粒污染的重视程度都越来越高。鉴于哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染的健康经济损失的研究非常缺乏,本文将对哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染造成的健康危害经济损失进行评价研究,研究内容如下。本文在对哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染的来源、组成成分以及变化趋势全面分析的基础上,首先,针对大气颗粒物污染问题,选择最具代表性的污染因子、健康效应终点、暴露人群三个指标,运用流行病学法对大气颗粒物污染造成的城市居民健康危害进行评估。其次,估计大气颗粒物污染因子与受污染影响的健康损害之间的关系,将大气颗粒物污染所造成的各类健康危害货币化,进而计算出哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染相关健康效应终点的经济损失。最后,选取大气颗粒物污染因子,计算大气颗粒物污染综合指数,结合哈尔滨市人均GDP构建“EKC”曲线模型,估算未来哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染指数及污染因子浓度,预测未来大气颗粒物污染造成的损失。最后,从政府和城市居民角度给出降低哈尔滨大气颗粒物污染危害健康经济损失的建议,为哈尔滨市大气颗粒物污染的防治提供参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin has become more and more serious, and the number of days of air quality substandard has been increasing year by year. During the period of air quality substandard, the daily life, transportation and transportation of urban residents, Health and the city's economic development are affected to varying degrees. As a result of these effects, the public, government and research departments are paying more and more attention to particulate pollution. In view of the lack of research on the health and economic loss caused by atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin, this paper will evaluate the economic loss of health hazards caused by atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin, the contents of which are as follows. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the sources, components and changing trends of atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin, this paper firstly selects the most representative pollution factor and the end point of health effect in view of the pollution of atmospheric particulates. Three indices of exposed population were used to evaluate the health hazards of urban residents caused by atmospheric particulate pollution. Secondly, to estimate the relationship between atmospheric particulate pollution factors and the health damage caused by pollution, and to monetize all kinds of health hazards caused by atmospheric particulate pollution. Then the economic loss of the health effects related to atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin was calculated. Finally, select the air particulate pollution factor, calculate the atmospheric particulate pollution comprehensive index, combine with Harbin per capita GDP to build "EKC" curve model, estimate the future Harbin atmospheric particulate pollution index and pollution factor concentration. Forecast the future loss caused by atmospheric particulate matter pollution. Finally, from the point of view of the government and urban residents, some suggestions are given to reduce the health and economic loss of atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin, which provides a reference for the prevention and control of atmospheric particulate pollution in Harbin.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X513;X196

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