《资本论》的基本方法与主题——关于“终篇”逻辑地位与陈俊明教授再商榷

发布时间：2018-05-21 01:22

本文选题：科学实证主义方法 + 政治经济学批判　；参考：《当代经济研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：从抽象上升到具体是《资本论》的基本方法,是辩证法思维原理的具体化和科学实证化,体现了马克思对辩证法的独特的把握方式。它把成熟的典型的具体对象,当作性质稳定的同一生长阶段的有机体,依照实验科学的方式设定科学认识活动的严密条件,通过剖析典型获得一般规定,因而一般与特殊、个别是直接统一的。《资本论》的首要主题是"政治经济学批判",是对以往政治经济学蕴涵的形而上学的思维方法的批判,也是对它们的价值立场的批判,归宿是资本主义意识形态批判或由此派生的空想社会主义批判,对资本主义生产的运动规律的揭示从属于理论批判的任务和要求。原理部分的终篇是在科学认识基础上对首要主题的集中阐发,它与直接的理论批判即理论史部分的结论完全一致,不能把它看成客观对象的客观逻辑的"完整性"反映。
[Abstract]:From abstract to concrete is the basic method of "Capital", which is the embodiment of dialectical thinking principle and scientific positivization, which embodies Marx's unique way of grasping dialectics. It regards mature typical concrete objects as organisms of the same growth stage of stable nature, sets the strict conditions of scientific cognition activities according to the way of experimental science, obtains general rules by analyzing typical examples, and thus is general and special. Individual is directly unified. The primary theme of Capital is "critique of political economy", which is a critique of the metaphysical thinking methods implied by political economy in the past, as well as a critique of their value stand. The end-result is the critique of capitalist ideology or the derived criticism of utopian socialism. The revelation of the laws of capitalist production is subordinate to the task and requirement of theoretical criticism. The final part of the principle part is a concentrated analysis of the primary subject on the basis of scientific understanding, which is completely consistent with the conclusion of the direct theoretical criticism, that is, the theoretical history part, and cannot be regarded as a reflection of the "integrality" of the objective logic of the objective object.
【作者单位】：江西财经大学经济学院;
【分类号】：F091.91

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