可持续经济增长的实现机理研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 18:02

本文选题：经济增长 + 环境可持续　；参考：《大连理工大学》2004年博士论文

【摘要】：实现可持续发展需要协调环境、经济和社会三个系统的运动,尤其是经济增长与环境之间的矛盾。虽然激进的环保主义者主张为了环境的可持续而停止经济增长,但从各国实践来看,经济增长仍然是解决人口、收入分配和失业问题的最为有效的方法,尤其是对发展中国家。正因为如此,在实践当中,可持续发展目标首先具体化为可持续经济增长,如何实现可持续经济增长也成为当前急需解决的难题。可持续经济增长的核心是要协调经济增长与环境可持续的矛盾,在经济层面,可持续经济增长要求一个经济的真实储蓄率为正,在环境层面则要保持重要的环境功能的稳定性。从动态角度来看,促使经济增长路径向可持续经济增长路径收敛的根本途径是通过纠正经济当中的双重市场失灵和双重政府失灵降低环境压力,而这种收敛能否发生,归根结底要取决于经济增长过程中有利于环境的技术效应和结构效应是否能够抵消规模效应。近十年来,大量经验研究发现环境压力和收入之间存在倒U型的环境库兹涅茨曲线,但这并不能说明经济增长路径向可持续路径的收敛具有自发性。除了数据的问题之外,现有经验研究所用的回归模型暗含着长期均衡、同质性和趋势平稳三个假设,对这三个假设的检验证实,EKC经验研究所用的回归模型不是一个优质的计量模型,以此为基础得到的环境压力与收入之间的倒U型曲线不能解释为经济增长有利于环境的改善。观察到的部分环境压力指标随经济增长而下降的现象主要归因于环境保护固有的规模收益递增性质,与经济增长的内生变化没有关系,可持续经济增长的收敛并不具有自发性。对绿色技术进步中厂商决策的分析进一步支持了上述观点。在市场环境下,由于厂商按照私人的成本和收益来决定是否采纳绿色技术,绿色技术收益的不确定性导致厂商为了获得后动优势而推迟采纳绿色技术,技术的互补性则造成了绿色技术扩散的低效率,如果不通过政策的干预纠正这种双重市场失灵,经济增长路径则很难收敛到可持续路径。以可持续经济增长为目标的政府政策应当是由环境政策、技术政策和经济政策相互配合组成的政策体系,具体政策工具的选择要取决于一国经济发展的阶段、初始自然资本存量等因素。在对可持续经济增长的政策体系、政策工具进行分析的基础上,本文还探讨了我国可持续经济增长的政策选择。
[Abstract]:To achieve sustainable development, we need to coordinate the movement of environmental, economic and social systems, especially the contradiction between economic growth and environment. Although radical environmentalists advocate halting economic growth for environmental sustainability, economic growth remains the most effective solution to population, income distribution and unemployment, especially in developing countries. Because of this, in practice, the goal of sustainable development is first translated into sustainable economic growth, and how to achieve sustainable economic growth has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved. The core of sustainable economic growth is to coordinate the contradiction between economic growth and environmental sustainability. On the economic level, sustainable economic growth requires that the real saving rate of an economy is positive, and that the stability of important environmental functions should be maintained at the environmental level. From a dynamic point of view, the fundamental way to converge the path of economic growth to the path of sustainable economic growth is to reduce the environmental pressure by correcting the dual market failure and double government failure in the economy, and whether this convergence can take place, In the final analysis, it depends on whether the technological and structural effects which are beneficial to the environment in the process of economic growth can counteract the scale effect. In recent ten years, a large number of empirical studies have found that there is an inverted U-type environmental Kuznets curve between environmental pressure and income, but this does not show that the convergence of economic growth path to sustainable path is spontaneous. In addition to the data problems, the regression models used in the existing empirical studies contain three hypotheses: long-term equilibrium, homogeneity and steady trend. The test of these three hypotheses proves that the regression model used in EKC empirical research is not a high quality metrological model. The inverted U-shaped curve between environmental pressure and income can not be interpreted as economic growth is beneficial to the improvement of environment. The observed decrease of some environmental pressure indexes with economic growth is mainly attributed to the increasing nature of scale income in environmental protection, which is not related to the endogenous changes of economic growth, and the convergence of sustainable economic growth is not spontaneous. The analysis of decision-making in green technology progress further supports the above viewpoint. In the market environment, because firms decide whether to adopt green technology according to the private cost and income, the uncertainty of green technology profit causes the manufacturer to delay the adoption of green technology in order to gain the post-active advantage. The complementarity of technology leads to the inefficiency of green technology diffusion. If the dual market failure is not corrected through policy intervention, the economic growth path will be difficult to converge to the sustainable path. Government policies aimed at sustainable economic growth should be a policy system composed of environmental policies, technology policies and economic policies, and the choice of specific policy instruments depends on the stage of a country's economic development. Initial natural capital stock and other factors. Based on the analysis of the policy system and policy tools of sustainable economic growth, this paper also discusses the policy options of sustainable economic growth in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：F061.3

【引证文献】