不良政策为何持续:新政治经济学的解释

发布时间：2018-05-29 23:21

本文选题：不良政策 + 寻租　；参考：《北京行政学院学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：公共政策有好坏之分,不良的政策为何会持续?在主流解释路径的基础上,新政治经济学从政治过程、官僚、利益集团、个体选民等方面,深入分析了不良政策持续的原因。新政治经济学认为,从客观上看,政策过程是一个政治过程,受到机会主义和信息不对称导致的交易成本的约束。从主体上看,政策制定者的能力影响着政策的好坏及其变迁,而其对自身利益的追逐会掉入"暂时性收益陷阱"。利益集团为维护和增加政策收益,会倾向于构建"良好"的政企关系,通过寻租导致政策俘获,而政治市场中的个体选民,由于参与政策过程的成本太高,会倾向于选择对某种信仰或观念的偏好,形成"理性胡闹"。新政治经济学对不良政策持续的解释表明,推动不良政策变迁需要进行规则重塑,提高政策制定者的能力,提供激励机制防范政策俘获,推进政策过程的公开性和透明度,实现政策制定和执行现代化。
[Abstract]:There are good or bad public policies. Why do bad policies last? On the basis of the mainstream explanation path, the new political economy analyzes the reasons for the persistence of bad policies from the aspects of political process, bureaucrats, interest groups, individual voters and so on. According to the new political economy, the policy process is a political process, which is constrained by the transaction cost caused by opportunism and asymmetric information. From the perspective of subject, the ability of policy makers affects the quality of policies and their changes, and their pursuit of their own interests will fall into a "temporary benefit trap". In order to maintain and increase policy benefits, interest groups tend to build "good" relations between government and enterprises, resulting in policy capture through rent-seeking, and individual voters in the political market, because of the high cost of participating in the policy process, Will tend to choose a belief or a preference for ideas, forming a "rational nonsense." The continuing explanation of bad policies in the new political economy shows that promoting the change of bad policies requires remolding the rules, improving the ability of policy makers, providing incentives to prevent policy capture, and promoting openness and transparency in the policy process. To modernize policy formulation and implementation.
【作者单位】：厦门大学公共事务学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(16BJL078)
【分类号】：F0-0;D63

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