列宁新经济政策及其当代价值研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 07:13

【摘要】：新经济政策是苏俄在特殊的历史背景下推行的救国政策,保护了苏俄的胜利果实,帮助国家渡过了政治、经济危机。尽管新经济政策过早的被终结,但是其蕴含的理论价值和实践意义影响深远。研究新经济政策,分析其出台的历史背景和理论渊源,剖析其内容与实质,评析其历史价值及局限性,以期揭示新经济政策对我国发展和完善社会主义市场经济体制的启示。本文首先从“十月革命胜利”后苏俄内忧外患的现实国情、列宁早期发展市场经济的思想、建国初期“战时共产主义政策”的弊病及对“战时共产主义政策”的反思等方面揭示了新经济政策出台的背景及历史必然性,分析其对我国进一步完善经济体制的必要性。其次,从农业、工业、流通业及对外开放等四个方面阐述了新经济政策的主要内容及对苏俄当时经济建设、巩固政权等方面的突出贡献。从巩固工农联盟及发展生产力、探索社会主义经济与小农经济的结合点、开辟了社会主义建设的新道路等角度剖析了推行新经济政策的目的和实质,丰富了其特有的内涵,使人们对新经济政策产生全新的认识。再次,运用唯物辩证法客观评析了新经济政策对前苏联社会主义建设的贡献、创新发展马克思主义政治经济学的理论突破及对其它现实社会主义国家经济建设提供的经验;从理论体系不完善、政策自身的缺陷等方面分析了新经济政策的历史局限性,从实践经验缺失、粮食税政策的负面效应及工作人员的粗暴执法、高度集权的政治决策体制等方面分析了新经济政策终结的原因,为人们从多维度认识新经济政策奠定了基础。最后,立足我国经济发展进入新常态的现实国情,结合我国改革开放后社会主义经济体制的确立过程等,以经济发展的客观规律及社会主义的本质要求为依据,利用大量统计数据,从农业、工业、流通业及对外开放等四个方面分析了列宁新经济政策对现阶段我国发展和完善社会主义经济体制的方法论启示,对我国继续坚持和完善中国特色社会主义经济体制有一定借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:The new economic policy is a national saving policy carried out by Soviet Russia under the special historical background. It protects the success of Soviet Russia and helps the country through the political and economic crisis. Although the new economic policy is terminated prematurely, its theoretical value and practical significance are far-reaching. This paper studies the new economic policy, analyzes its historical background and theoretical origin, analyzes its content and essence, and evaluates its historical value and limitation, in order to reveal the enlightenment of the new economic policy to the development and perfection of socialist market economy system in China. This article first from the "October Revolution victory" after the Soviet Union's internal and external problems of the reality of the situation, Lenin's early development of the market economy, The disadvantages of "wartime communist policy" at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China and the reflection on "wartime communist policy" reveal the background and historical inevitability of the new economic policy, and analyze the necessity of further perfecting the economic system in our country. Secondly, from four aspects of agriculture, industry, circulation and opening to the outside world, this paper expounds the main contents of the new economic policy and its outstanding contributions to the Soviet economic construction and the consolidation of political power at that time. From the angles of consolidating the alliance of workers and peasants and developing productive forces, exploring the combination of socialist economy and small-scale peasant economy, opening up a new road of socialist construction, this paper analyzes the purpose and essence of carrying out the new economic policy and enriches its unique connotation. So that people have a new understanding of the new economic policy. Thirdly, the contribution of the new economic policy to the socialist construction of the former Soviet Union is evaluated objectively by means of materialist dialectics, the theoretical breakthrough of the Marxist political economy and the experience provided to the economic construction of other realistic socialist countries are innovated. This paper analyzes the historical limitation of the new economic policy from the aspects of the imperfect theoretical system and the defects of the policy itself, including the lack of practical experience, the negative effect of the grain tax policy and the rough enforcement of the law by the staff. This paper analyzes the reasons for the end of the new economic policy from the aspects of the highly centralized political decision-making system and lays the foundation for people to understand the new economic policy from many dimensions. Finally, based on the reality of China's economic development entering into the new normal and the process of establishing the socialist economic system after China's reform and opening up, and based on the objective laws of economic development and the essential requirements of socialism, Based on a large number of statistical data, this paper analyzes the methodological implications of Lenin's new economic policy on the development and improvement of the socialist economic system in China at present from four aspects: agriculture, industry, circulation and opening to the outside world. For our country to continue to adhere to and improve the socialist economic system with Chinese characteristics has certain reference value.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F091.92;F124

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