“新经济”增长的主要因素分析——技术与制度
发布时间：2018-07-28 08:46
【摘要】： 传统的经济理论认为经济持续增长与通货膨胀是紧密相联的。经验上看，如果失业率低于5.5-6％，经济增长率超过2-3％时，就会出现交替现象。然而，美国90年代的经济增长过程打破了这种经典理论的预言，成功地实现了高经济增长与低通货膨胀并存的梦想。由此，引来了经济学界的大讨论，有的说这是经济增长方式的变革，美国经济脱离了传统的经济增长模式，走入了“知识经济”的天堂，会一帆风顺，持续增长下去；而有的学者又认为，美国的经济增长并没有推翻故有的经济学理论，推动经济增长的力量仍然没有变，经济周期的变化并不否定经济周期的存在，美国经济还存在衰退的因素。 本文并不想加入到此争论中去，关于经济增长的理论，从亚当·斯密开创的古典经济理论到新古典理论，一直到新增长理论，不断发展完善，其中又有制度经济学的出现，可以说，经济增长理论是贯穿于整个经济理论的发展中的。传统的经济增长因素：资本、劳动；新增长理论内生化的技术，人力资本；制度学派的“制度变迁”等众多因素中，哪一些是美国“新经济”的主要增长力量?本文力求以实例寻求美国经济增长的主要因素。 在分析的过程中发现一个很有趣的现象：信息技术的创新促进企业的产生，新企业的“群聚”促成了信息产业的兴起，而美国过去几十年服务业的蓬勃又为信息产业的发展铺平了道路，资本市场的创新以及政府的关注进一步加速了信息产业的发展，而信息产业所表现出来的经济增长动力支持了“新经济”的诞生。 本文分三章。 第一章是基础理论部分。介绍传统要素增长理论、技术内生化增长理论、人力资本内生化增长理论，以及技术创新和制度变迁与经济增长关系的理论。 第二章总结了“新经济”的特点。从纵向来看，战后美国经济的波动大 “新经济”增长的主要困素分析一一技术与制度 致可分为5个阶段，而新周期明显出现了与前4个周期不同的特征，一是周 期变长，波幅变小；二是出现了积极的菲利普斯曲线，失业率和通货膨胀同 时低水平运行。这必然引起经济学界的关注，各种解释有同有异。从横向来 看，美国经济的几个重要指标明显好于其他发达国家。 第三章分析美国“新经济”的增长因素。美国经济的增长是以信息产业 的迅速增长为主要拉动力的，信息产业的出现和迅速增长源于美国科技力量 的强大，由于利益的吸引，出现了大批企业群聚现象，重新改变了资源的流 向，加速了信息产业的形成和发展，在这个过程中，社会经济服务化为信息 产业发展提供了广阔的市场，是信息产业发展的肥沃土壤。而相应的创新制 度和金融制度无疑是这种加速发展的催化剂。当然，美国经济在信息产业的 带动下，取得了可喜的成就，经验值得许多国家借鉴，但由于经济增长点的 单一，成本的增加，，收入差距的拉大，以及股市泡沫，给“新经济”埋下了 隐患，美国经济只有经过一定的调整，才能走得更稳定。
[Abstract]:The traditional economic theory holds that sustained economic growth is closely linked to inflation. Experience shows that if the unemployment rate is lower than 5.5-6% and the economic growth rate exceeds 2-3%, there will be an alternate phenomenon. However, the economic growth process of the United States in 90s has broken the prophecy of this classic theory and successfully realized high economic growth and low access. The dream of coexistence of inflation has led to a big discussion in the economic world. Some say that it is a change in the way of economic growth. The American economy is out of the traditional mode of economic growth and goes into the paradise of "knowledge economy". It will be smooth sailing and continue to grow; and some scholars believe that the economic growth of the United States has not been overthrown. The economic theory, the power to promote economic growth remains unchanged, the change in the economic cycle does not negate the existence of the economic cycle, and the economy of the United States still has a factor of recession.
This article does not want to join this argument. The theory of economic growth, from Adam Simy's classical economic theory to neoclassical theory, to the new growth theory, has been constantly developed and perfected, with the emergence of institutional economics. It can be said that the theory of economic growth runs through the development of the whole economic theory. The factors of economic growth: capital, labor, biochemical technology in the new growth theory, human capital, and the "institutional change" of the institutional school, which are the main growth forces of the "new economy" in the United States? This paper seeks to seek the main factors of American economic growth by example.
In the process of analysis, a very interesting phenomenon is found: the innovation of information technology promotes the emergence of the enterprise. The "clustering" of the new enterprises has contributed to the rise of the information industry. In the past decades, the prosperity of the service industry in the United States paved the way for the development of the information industry, and the innovation of the capital market and the attention of the government have accelerated further. The development of information industry, and the driving force of economic growth represented by the information industry, has supported the birth of the "new economy".
This article is divided into three chapters.
The first chapter is the basic theory. It introduces the theory of traditional factor growth, the theory of endogenous growth in technology, the theory of biochemical growth in human capital, and the theory of the relationship between technological innovation and institutional change and economic growth.
The second chapter summarizes the characteristics of the "new economy".
Analysis of the main difficulties in the growth of new economy technology and system
It can be divided into 5 stages, and the new cycle is obviously different from the first 4 cycles.
The period becomes longer and the amplitude decreases; two, a positive Phillips curve appears, and the unemployment rate and inflation are the same.
It is bound to arouse concern in the economic field.
Look, several important indicators of the US economy are obviously better than those of other developed countries.
The third chapter analyzes the growth factors of the "new economy" in the United States.
The rapid growth of the main driving force, the emergence and rapid growth of the information industry stems from the United States science and technology strength.
Due to the attraction of interests, a large number of enterprises have gathered together, which has changed the flow of resources.
To speed up the formation and development of information industry, in this process, social economy serves as information.
Industrial development provides a vast market and a fertile soil for the development of the information industry.
The degree and financial system are undoubtedly catalysts for accelerating development. Of course, the US economy is in the information industry.
We have achieved gratifying achievements under the impetus, and experience is worth learning from many countries.
Single, cost increase, widening income gap and stock market bubble have buried the "new economy".
Hidden dangers, the US economy can only be more stable after a certain adjustment.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：F06
本文编号：2149553
[Abstract]:The traditional economic theory holds that sustained economic growth is closely linked to inflation. Experience shows that if the unemployment rate is lower than 5.5-6% and the economic growth rate exceeds 2-3%, there will be an alternate phenomenon. However, the economic growth process of the United States in 90s has broken the prophecy of this classic theory and successfully realized high economic growth and low access. The dream of coexistence of inflation has led to a big discussion in the economic world. Some say that it is a change in the way of economic growth. The American economy is out of the traditional mode of economic growth and goes into the paradise of "knowledge economy". It will be smooth sailing and continue to grow; and some scholars believe that the economic growth of the United States has not been overthrown. The economic theory, the power to promote economic growth remains unchanged, the change in the economic cycle does not negate the existence of the economic cycle, and the economy of the United States still has a factor of recession.
This article does not want to join this argument. The theory of economic growth, from Adam Simy's classical economic theory to neoclassical theory, to the new growth theory, has been constantly developed and perfected, with the emergence of institutional economics. It can be said that the theory of economic growth runs through the development of the whole economic theory. The factors of economic growth: capital, labor, biochemical technology in the new growth theory, human capital, and the "institutional change" of the institutional school, which are the main growth forces of the "new economy" in the United States? This paper seeks to seek the main factors of American economic growth by example.
In the process of analysis, a very interesting phenomenon is found: the innovation of information technology promotes the emergence of the enterprise. The "clustering" of the new enterprises has contributed to the rise of the information industry. In the past decades, the prosperity of the service industry in the United States paved the way for the development of the information industry, and the innovation of the capital market and the attention of the government have accelerated further. The development of information industry, and the driving force of economic growth represented by the information industry, has supported the birth of the "new economy".
This article is divided into three chapters.
The first chapter is the basic theory. It introduces the theory of traditional factor growth, the theory of endogenous growth in technology, the theory of biochemical growth in human capital, and the theory of the relationship between technological innovation and institutional change and economic growth.
The second chapter summarizes the characteristics of the "new economy".
Analysis of the main difficulties in the growth of new economy technology and system
It can be divided into 5 stages, and the new cycle is obviously different from the first 4 cycles.
The period becomes longer and the amplitude decreases; two, a positive Phillips curve appears, and the unemployment rate and inflation are the same.
It is bound to arouse concern in the economic field.
Look, several important indicators of the US economy are obviously better than those of other developed countries.
The third chapter analyzes the growth factors of the "new economy" in the United States.
The rapid growth of the main driving force, the emergence and rapid growth of the information industry stems from the United States science and technology strength.
Due to the attraction of interests, a large number of enterprises have gathered together, which has changed the flow of resources.
To speed up the formation and development of information industry, in this process, social economy serves as information.
Industrial development provides a vast market and a fertile soil for the development of the information industry.
The degree and financial system are undoubtedly catalysts for accelerating development. Of course, the US economy is in the information industry.
We have achieved gratifying achievements under the impetus, and experience is worth learning from many countries.
Single, cost increase, widening income gap and stock market bubble have buried the "new economy".
Hidden dangers, the US economy can only be more stable after a certain adjustment.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：F06
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 苏惠香;网络经济技术创新与扩散效应研究[D];东北财经大学;2007年
本文编号：2149553
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