基于可持续发展的水资源定价研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 13:13

【摘要】：水资源是一个复杂的耦合系统，并与人类社会发展和生存环境相结合。水资源价格研究是在资源经济学研究背景下逐步展开的，是自然资源价格研究的重要组成部分。论文采用实证研究与规范研究、定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法对水资源定价进行系统研究。水价定价研究所涉及的研究领域较为宽泛，论文根据可持续发展理论的观点，从资源、环境管理与经济政策相协调的角度，将经济学相关理论应用到水价研究中。首先对水价研究进展进行分析。其次，对水价制度进行国际比较研究，从比较研究中揭示出的问题成为专题研究的切入点。针对我国现行水价制度的缺陷，分别从水价形成机理、水价定价模型、水价定价机制三个方面进行专题研究，并注意各专题研究间的衔接与关联。为从较完善的水价制度中获取一般规律，为论文研究寻找切入点，论文选择美国、加拿大、英国及法国的水价制度进行比较研究，归纳出四国水价制度的共同特征，为我国水价制度改革提供借鉴。分析我国现行水价制度存在的缺陷，揭示水价失真，水价体系扭曲的重要根源在于自然资源无价观念和缺乏对水价理论及水价定价方法的系统研究。在此基础上，依据马克思的劳动价值论、西方效用价值论等对天然水资源价值内涵进行分析，得出水资源具有经济价值和生态环境价值的结论，强调生态环境价值的重要性。依据地租理论、经济学中外部性理论分析水价形成机理，提出水价构成应包含资源水价、工程水价和环境水价，重新界定的水价构成与现行水价基本上是工程水价形成鲜明对比。在水资源价值内涵及价格构成明晰的基础上，对自然资源定价方法进行分析，以可持续发展为指导思想，确立水价定价思路与定价原则，，并对影响水价定价相关因素进行分析，给出水价定价模型结构，分别构建资源水价、工程水价和环境水价定价模型，建立动态全成本水价定价模型。资源水价是水资源价值核算的核心和难点，是水价定价的基准，论文重点研究资源水价定价方法，并利用资源水价模型对大连地区资源水价进行实证研究。同时，对再生水资源的定价方法进行讨论，提出中水价格定价区间和淡化水价格补贴政策，建立水资源、再生水资源一体化定价体系。最后，论文对水资源配置方式进行分析，提出根据水资源特性及用水需求不同选择不同的水价定价机制，改革现行单一的政府定价机制，逐步形成政府定价、政府指导定价和市场定价三种定价机制。完善政府定价机制的措施是不同用户实行差别定价；科学设计水价结构；合理选择计收方式；逐步取消水价补贴；理顺水资源管理体制；明确水价管理权限。引入市场定价机制的关键是配置初始水权，通过建立水权交易制度，开放水市场，推动市场定价机制的进一步完善。
[Abstract]:Water resource is a complex coupling system, which is combined with the development of human society and the environment of survival. The study of water resources price is carried out gradually under the background of resource economics. It is an important part of the study of natural resources price.
The paper systematically studies the pricing of water resources by means of empirical research and normative research, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The research field of water price pricing research is more extensive. According to the viewpoint of sustainable development theory, the paper makes the economics related from the perspective of resources, environmental management and economic policy. It is applied to the study of water price. First, the research progress of water price is analyzed. Secondly, the international comparative study of the water price system is carried out. The problems revealed in the comparative study become the breakthrough point of the special research. In view of the defects of the current water price system in China, the three aspects of the formation mechanism of water price, the pricing model of water price, and the pricing mechanism of water price are made respectively. Conduct thematic studies and pay attention to the linkage and relevance between thematic studies.
In order to obtain the general rule from the perfect water price system and find the breakthrough point for the research of the paper, the paper chooses the water price system of the United States, Canada, the UK and France to make a comparative study, and sums up the common characteristics of the water price system of the four countries, and provides a reference for the reform of the water price system in China. The important source of the price distortion and the distortion of the water price system lies in the non price concept of natural resources and the lack of systematic study on the theory of water price and the pricing method of water price. On the basis of this, the value of natural water resources is analyzed according to Marx's theory of labor value and Western utility value theory, and the water resources have economic value and ecological environment. According to the theory of land rent, the formation mechanism of water price is analyzed based on the theory of land rent. The formation of water price should include the price of resources, the price of engineering water and the price of the environment. The redefined water price is in contrast with the current water price.
On the basis of the clear value connotation and price composition of water resources, this paper analyzes the pricing methods of natural resources, takes the sustainable development as the guiding ideology, establishes the pricing ideas and pricing principles of water price, and analyses the related factors affecting the pricing of water price, and gives the structure of the pricing model of water price, and constructs the water price, water price and environment of the project respectively. The price pricing model of water price is used to establish a dynamic and full cost price pricing model. The resource water price is the core and difficulty of the value accounting of water resources. It is the benchmark of water price pricing. The paper focuses on the study of the pricing method of resources water price, and uses the model of resource water price to prove the price of water resources in Dalian area. The discussion puts forward the pricing range of reclaimed water and the subsidy policy of desalinated water price, and establishes an integrated pricing system of water resources and reclaimed water resources.
Finally, the paper analyses the mode of water resources allocation, and proposes to choose different price pricing mechanism according to the characteristics of water resources and water demand, reform the current single government pricing mechanism, gradually form the government pricing, government guidance pricing and market pricing of three pricing machines. The measures to improve the government pricing mechanism are different users. Carry out differential pricing, scientifically design water price structure, choose reasonable collection mode, gradually abolish water price subsidy, straighten water resources management system, clear water price management authority. The key to introducing market pricing mechanism is to configure initial water right, open water market and promote market pricing mechanism further through the establishment of water rights trading system. Good.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F062.1

【引证文献】