批判实在论及其作为经济学方法论的可能性
发布时间：2018-08-24 18:27
【摘要】： 劳森的批判实在论用隐藏在现象背后的结构来解释经济现象，从而为经济学方法论提供一个本体论基础。本文主要阐述批判实在论在经济学中的运用，在阐述的基础上进行评析，，认为劳森的理论确实使经济学建立在一个更为坚实的基础上，丰富和完善了经济学方法论。但劳森在承认经济结构易变的同时，仍然相信不同的结构可以有统一的理论，不承认经济学可能有不同的方法论纲领，这就使得批判实在论缺乏经验内容。 本文首先阐述了劳森对演绎主义及其经验实在论前提进行的批判，并在此基础上，提出了以先验实在论为本体论基础的科学解释观，即批判实在论。该理论认为科学的主要目标不是关注事件的恒常联系，而是关注隐藏在现象背后的结构、机制、力量和趋势。 然后，本文详细阐述了甚于批判实在论的经济学方法论主要内容，劳森试图用批判实在论理论建立一个统一的经济学方法论。基本观点有：(1)经济学的主要目标是解释而不是预测；(2)经济结构是环境相关的和易变的；(3)用经济结构来解释经济现象；(4)经济政策的目标是用想要的结构来代替不想要的结构，以实现人类解放；(5)经济事件的联系是半规则性的。 最后，本文结合两个经济学实例对劳森的批判实在论进行评析。认为劳森用环境相关和易变的结构来解释经济现象具有合理性，弥补了演绎主义的一些不足。但劳森否认经济预测，却没有给出成功解释的标准，同时他试图把批判实在论作为一个统一的经济学方法论，这同主流经济学家追求普遍的经济学理论所犯的错误一样。
[Abstract]:Lawson's critical realism interprets economic phenomena with the structure hidden behind them, thus providing an ontological basis for the methodology of economics. This paper mainly expounds the application of critical realism in economics, and comments on it on the basis of expatiation, and concludes that Lawson's theory does make economics on a more solid basis and enriches and perfects the methodology of economics. But while admitting that economic structure is changeable, Lawson still believes that different structures can have a unified theory, and that economics may have different methodological programs, which makes critical realism lack of experience. This paper first expounds Lawson's criticism of deductivism and its premise of empirical realism, and on this basis, puts forward a view of scientific interpretation based on transcendental realism, that is, critical realism. The theory holds that the main goal of science is not to pay attention to the constant connection of events, but to pay attention to the structure, mechanism, strength and trend hidden behind the phenomenon. Then, this paper elaborates the main contents of economics methodology, which is even more important than critical realism. Lawson tries to establish a unified economic methodology with the theory of critical realism. The basic viewpoints are as follows: (1) the main objective of economics is to explain rather than predict; (2) the economic structure is environment-related and changeable; (3) the economic structure is used to explain economic phenomena; (4) the objective of economic policy is to replace unwanted structure with desired structure in order to realize human liberation; (5) the relation of economic events is semi-regular. Finally, this paper analyzes Lawson's critical realism with two economic examples. It is considered that Lawson is reasonable to explain economic phenomena with environment-related and variable structures, which makes up for some shortcomings of deductivism. But Lawson denies economic prediction, but fails to give the criterion of successful explanation. Meanwhile, he tries to regard critical realism as a unified economic methodology, which is the same mistake that mainstream economists make in pursuing universal economic theory.
【学位授予单位】：华南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F091.3
本文编号：2201667
[Abstract]:Lawson's critical realism interprets economic phenomena with the structure hidden behind them, thus providing an ontological basis for the methodology of economics. This paper mainly expounds the application of critical realism in economics, and comments on it on the basis of expatiation, and concludes that Lawson's theory does make economics on a more solid basis and enriches and perfects the methodology of economics. But while admitting that economic structure is changeable, Lawson still believes that different structures can have a unified theory, and that economics may have different methodological programs, which makes critical realism lack of experience. This paper first expounds Lawson's criticism of deductivism and its premise of empirical realism, and on this basis, puts forward a view of scientific interpretation based on transcendental realism, that is, critical realism. The theory holds that the main goal of science is not to pay attention to the constant connection of events, but to pay attention to the structure, mechanism, strength and trend hidden behind the phenomenon. Then, this paper elaborates the main contents of economics methodology, which is even more important than critical realism. Lawson tries to establish a unified economic methodology with the theory of critical realism. The basic viewpoints are as follows: (1) the main objective of economics is to explain rather than predict; (2) the economic structure is environment-related and changeable; (3) the economic structure is used to explain economic phenomena; (4) the objective of economic policy is to replace unwanted structure with desired structure in order to realize human liberation; (5) the relation of economic events is semi-regular. Finally, this paper analyzes Lawson's critical realism with two economic examples. It is considered that Lawson is reasonable to explain economic phenomena with environment-related and variable structures, which makes up for some shortcomings of deductivism. But Lawson denies economic prediction, but fails to give the criterion of successful explanation. Meanwhile, he tries to regard critical realism as a unified economic methodology, which is the same mistake that mainstream economists make in pursuing universal economic theory.
【学位授予单位】：华南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F091.3
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相关期刊论文 前2条
1 桂起权;当代西方经济学方法论之走向[J];经济评论;2002年02期
2 孙慕天;新的边疆,从经济学哲学到科学哲学[J];自然辩证法研究;1998年02期
本文编号：2201667
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