凯恩斯主义就业理论及其启示
发布时间：2018-10-29 21:53
【摘要】：就业作为民生之本,一直以来都是各国经济社会发展中的重大问题。在经济增速放缓、产业结构调整的背景下,我国的就业矛盾十分尖锐,经济社会中出现的高失业率等问题也日益突出。目前,在多重压力的叠加下,我国就业压力大的现象已经成为急需解决的问题。与此同时,我国政府制定相关的就业政策,在宏观经济调控中将“增加就业”作为主要目标之一,足见政府对就业问题的高度重视。在经济思想史中,西方经济学家们对就业问题一直进行着持续的研究和探寻,形成了各式各样的就业理论,如凯恩斯的就业理论、发展经济学派的就业理论、新凯恩斯主义的工资粘性就业理论等。二十世纪三十年代的经济大危机,使资本主义经济陷入极其危难的境地。那时的西方经济学处于十分混乱的状态。凯恩斯在这种险恶的局面下,坚定地挺身而出。1936年,《就业、利息与货币通论》的出版标志着凯恩斯主义就业理论的诞生。凯恩斯主义就业理论的观点以及各国的实践经验都反映出,市场和政府共同发挥出各自的作用才能更好地解决就业问题。因此,研究这一重要学派的思想对于解决我国当前的就业问题有着重要的理论意义与现实意义。本文在结构上分为六章进行阐述。第一章是绪论,陈述了论文的研究背景,说明了研究凯恩斯主义就业理论的意义,并对就业、就业理论和就业政策以及凯恩斯主义等相关概念进行了界定。第二章介绍了凯恩斯就业理论的产生及其内容、特点,并对凯恩斯就业理论进行了简要评述。第三章介绍了后凯恩斯主义就业理论的基本内容及政策主张,并对其进行简要评述。第四章介绍了新凯恩斯主义就业理论的基本内容及政策主张,并对其进行简要评述。第五章列举了凯恩斯主义就业理论在各国政策上的运用,包括在西方国家以及在我国的运用。第六章结合我国的就业政策以及就业形势,探讨了凯恩斯主义就业理论对我国就业理论与政策的启示。
[Abstract]:Employment, as the foundation of people's livelihood, has always been a major problem in the economic and social development of various countries. Under the background of slowing down of economic growth and adjustment of industrial structure, the contradiction of employment in our country is very sharp, and the problems of high unemployment rate in economic society are increasingly prominent. At present, under the superposition of multiple pressures, the phenomenon of employment pressure in China has become an urgent problem. At the same time, the government of our country formulates the related employment policy, takes "increasing employment" as one of the main targets in the macroeconomic regulation and control, which shows that the government attaches great importance to the employment problem. In the history of economic thought, Western economists have been continuously studying and exploring the employment problem, forming various employment theories, such as Keynes's employment theory and the development of economic school's employment theory. New Keynesian wage viscous employment theory and so on. The great economic crisis of the 1930 s brought the capitalist economy into an extremely dangerous situation. Western economics at that time was in a very chaotic state. Keynes stood up firmly in this sinister situation. In 1936, the publication of General Theory of Employment, interest and money marked the birth of Keynesian employment theory. The view of Keynesian employment theory and the practical experience of various countries reflect that the market and government can play their respective roles together to solve the employment problem better. Therefore, the study of this important school of thought has important theoretical and practical significance to solve the current employment problem in China. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which describes the background of the paper, explains the significance of the study of Keynesian employment theory, and defines the relevant concepts of employment, employment theory and employment policy, as well as Keynesianism. The second chapter introduces Keynesian employment theory and its content, characteristics, and a brief review of Keynesian employment theory. Chapter three introduces the basic content and policy proposition of post-Keynesian employment theory, and makes a brief comment on it. Chapter four introduces the basic content and policy proposition of Neo-Keynesian employment theory, and makes a brief comment on it. The fifth chapter enumerates the application of Keynesian employment theory in various countries, including in western countries and in China. The sixth chapter discusses the enlightenment of Keynesian employment theory to China's employment theory and policy in light of China's employment policy and employment situation.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F091.3
[Abstract]:Employment, as the foundation of people's livelihood, has always been a major problem in the economic and social development of various countries. Under the background of slowing down of economic growth and adjustment of industrial structure, the contradiction of employment in our country is very sharp, and the problems of high unemployment rate in economic society are increasingly prominent. At present, under the superposition of multiple pressures, the phenomenon of employment pressure in China has become an urgent problem. At the same time, the government of our country formulates the related employment policy, takes "increasing employment" as one of the main targets in the macroeconomic regulation and control, which shows that the government attaches great importance to the employment problem. In the history of economic thought, Western economists have been continuously studying and exploring the employment problem, forming various employment theories, such as Keynes's employment theory and the development of economic school's employment theory. New Keynesian wage viscous employment theory and so on. The great economic crisis of the 1930 s brought the capitalist economy into an extremely dangerous situation. Western economics at that time was in a very chaotic state. Keynes stood up firmly in this sinister situation. In 1936, the publication of General Theory of Employment, interest and money marked the birth of Keynesian employment theory. The view of Keynesian employment theory and the practical experience of various countries reflect that the market and government can play their respective roles together to solve the employment problem better. Therefore, the study of this important school of thought has important theoretical and practical significance to solve the current employment problem in China. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which describes the background of the paper, explains the significance of the study of Keynesian employment theory, and defines the relevant concepts of employment, employment theory and employment policy, as well as Keynesianism. The second chapter introduces Keynesian employment theory and its content, characteristics, and a brief review of Keynesian employment theory. Chapter three introduces the basic content and policy proposition of post-Keynesian employment theory, and makes a brief comment on it. Chapter four introduces the basic content and policy proposition of Neo-Keynesian employment theory, and makes a brief comment on it. The fifth chapter enumerates the application of Keynesian employment theory in various countries, including in western countries and in China. The sixth chapter discusses the enlightenment of Keynesian employment theory to China's employment theory and policy in light of China's employment policy and employment situation.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F091.3
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