马克思的商品、货币、资本拜物教理论探析
发布时间：2018-12-16 21:31
【摘要】： 资本主义社会自始至终存在着商品、货币和资本的拜物教，这三重拜物教 构成了人们直接面对的感性现实。它们作为显在的“物相”，象魔障一样遮蔽 了人们的眼睛和心灵，同时又作为异化的意识形态，渗透到了社会日常生活中， 构成了人们的一种社会心理，其目的就是要消解人们对资本主义社会的反抗 性，论证资本主义的超历史性。本文站在马克思唯物史观的立场上，从以下几 个方面对之进行了分析与破除。 第一部分：评述了马克思在《资本论》中所描述的三大拜物教现象，指出 它的实质就在于人们所创造的社会关系采取了物化形式并反过来奴役人们。拜 物教与物化是各从不同的方面对异化现象的描述。在西方马克思主义者看来， 当今社会，物化现象不论在广度上还是深度上都较马克思时代更为加剧了。面 对拜物教现实，人的主体地位的丧失是其必然结果。 第二部分：主要从三个方面分析了拜物教意识形态。拜物教本身就是异化 社会的意识形态，作为这种意识形态的理论表现的资产阶级经济学，，其本质是 一种特定形态的经济决定论，其研究方法是纯自然科学方法无批判地引入社会 科学领域的结果，也就是典型的形而上学研究方法，其认识论根源则是理论上 未加消化的“自在之物”。总之，这是一种非历史主义的意识形态神话。 第三部分：阐述马克思对拜物教的破除。马克思是从理论与实践两个层面 破除拜物教的。理论就是现实的人及其历史发展的科学，亦即唯物史观；现实 层面上就是共产主义运动。总之，马克思用历史唯物主义科学地说明了异化的 产生、拜物教的源起及其消除的道路。 总结：说明马克思对拜物教的破除体现了科学精神与人文精神的统一，用 现实的人的活动把康德的“自在之物”变成了“为我之物”，高扬了人的主体 性。
[Abstract]:From the beginning to the end of capitalist society, there are fetishism of commodity, currency and capital, which constitute the perceptual reality that people face directly. As a visible "object", they cover people's eyes and hearts like magic barriers, and as alienated ideologies, they permeate into the daily life of society. It constitutes a kind of social psychology, the purpose of which is to dispel people's resistance to capitalist society and to demonstrate the super-historical nature of capitalism. Standing on the standpoint of Marxist historical materialism, this paper analyzes and breaks it from the following aspects. The first part reviews the three phenomena of fetishism described by Marx in Capital, and points out that the essence of the fetishism lies in the materialized form of social relations created by people and enslaved people in turn. Fetishism and materialization are different descriptions of alienation. In the view of Western Marxists, the phenomenon of materialization is more serious than that of Marx in both breadth and depth. Facing the reality of fetishism, the loss of man's subjective status is the inevitable result. The second part: mainly analyzes the fetishism ideology from three aspects. Fetishism itself is the ideology of a alienated society. As a theoretical expression of this ideology, bourgeois economics is essentially a specific form of economic determinism. Its research method is the result of the uncritical introduction of pure natural science methods into the field of social science, that is, the typical metaphysical research method. Its epistemological root is the undigested "thing of freedom" in theory. In short, this is a non-historical ideological myth. The third part: expound Marx's deconstruction of fetishism. Marx broke down fetishism from two aspects: theory and practice. Theory is the science of human beings and their historical development, that is, historical materialism, and the communist movement in reality. In a word, Marx used historical materialism to explain scientifically the emergence of alienation, the origin of fetishism and the way to eliminate it. Summing up: it shows that Marx's breaking up fetishism embodies the unity of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, and turns Kant's "things of freedom" into "things for me" with realistic human activities. It exalts the subjectivity of man.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F091.91
本文编号：2383074
[Abstract]:From the beginning to the end of capitalist society, there are fetishism of commodity, currency and capital, which constitute the perceptual reality that people face directly. As a visible "object", they cover people's eyes and hearts like magic barriers, and as alienated ideologies, they permeate into the daily life of society. It constitutes a kind of social psychology, the purpose of which is to dispel people's resistance to capitalist society and to demonstrate the super-historical nature of capitalism. Standing on the standpoint of Marxist historical materialism, this paper analyzes and breaks it from the following aspects. The first part reviews the three phenomena of fetishism described by Marx in Capital, and points out that the essence of the fetishism lies in the materialized form of social relations created by people and enslaved people in turn. Fetishism and materialization are different descriptions of alienation. In the view of Western Marxists, the phenomenon of materialization is more serious than that of Marx in both breadth and depth. Facing the reality of fetishism, the loss of man's subjective status is the inevitable result. The second part: mainly analyzes the fetishism ideology from three aspects. Fetishism itself is the ideology of a alienated society. As a theoretical expression of this ideology, bourgeois economics is essentially a specific form of economic determinism. Its research method is the result of the uncritical introduction of pure natural science methods into the field of social science, that is, the typical metaphysical research method. Its epistemological root is the undigested "thing of freedom" in theory. In short, this is a non-historical ideological myth. The third part: expound Marx's deconstruction of fetishism. Marx broke down fetishism from two aspects: theory and practice. Theory is the science of human beings and their historical development, that is, historical materialism, and the communist movement in reality. In a word, Marx used historical materialism to explain scientifically the emergence of alienation, the origin of fetishism and the way to eliminate it. Summing up: it shows that Marx's breaking up fetishism embodies the unity of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, and turns Kant's "things of freedom" into "things for me" with realistic human activities. It exalts the subjectivity of man.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F091.91
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王涛;马克思的商品拜物教批判研究[D];华中科技大学;2009年
本文编号：2383074
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