对社会主义经济计划的再思考
发布时间：2019-01-26 11:56
【摘要】：20世纪西方社会科学界围绕社会主义经济计划的理论辩论,概括起来主要集中在两方面:一是计划经济的理性核算问题,二是官僚主义、管理、激励及其他相关问题。中央计划体制的困境与其说是经济核算的困难,不如说是官僚主义的僵化和保守、高效生产激励不足、过度集中的权利和决策制定、对个人原创性和批判性判断的抑制。改革实践表明,问题的关键在于找到能够"克制官僚主义"的方法,而不是简单引入市场机制。计划与市场是互补而非矛盾的关系。市场是计划的工具,具有严格界定的优先性范围。计划是高效市场的前提,以实现社会经济福利改善为目标。因此,社会主义需要的改革是创造更复杂、高效且定义明确的计划机构,同时给予自治以新的激励。
[Abstract]:In the 20th century, the theoretical debate in the western social science circles around the socialist economic plan mainly focused on two aspects: one is the rational accounting of planned economy, the other is bureaucracy, management, incentive and other related issues. The dilemma of the central planning system is not so much the difficulty of economic accounting as the inflexibility and conservatism of bureaucracy, the lack of efficient production incentives, the excessive centralization of rights and decision-making, and the suppression of individual originality and critical judgment. Reform practice shows that the key to the problem lies in finding ways to "curb bureaucracy" rather than simply introducing market mechanisms. The plan and the market are complementary rather than contradictory. The market is a planning tool with a strictly defined range of priorities. Planning is a prerequisite for efficient markets and aims at improving social and economic welfare. Thus, socialism needs reforms to create more complex, efficient and well-defined planning institutions, while giving new incentives to autonomy.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学马克思主义学院;
【分类号】：F043
本文编号：2415454
[Abstract]:In the 20th century, the theoretical debate in the western social science circles around the socialist economic plan mainly focused on two aspects: one is the rational accounting of planned economy, the other is bureaucracy, management, incentive and other related issues. The dilemma of the central planning system is not so much the difficulty of economic accounting as the inflexibility and conservatism of bureaucracy, the lack of efficient production incentives, the excessive centralization of rights and decision-making, and the suppression of individual originality and critical judgment. Reform practice shows that the key to the problem lies in finding ways to "curb bureaucracy" rather than simply introducing market mechanisms. The plan and the market are complementary rather than contradictory. The market is a planning tool with a strictly defined range of priorities. Planning is a prerequisite for efficient markets and aims at improving social and economic welfare. Thus, socialism needs reforms to create more complex, efficient and well-defined planning institutions, while giving new incentives to autonomy.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学马克思主义学院;
【分类号】：F043
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