社会技术系统理论及其在项目组织设计中的应用
发布时间：2019-03-12 19:00
【摘要】： 项目管理虽然是二战结束后发展起来的管理技术之一，但是却迅速的在各个领域中得到广泛的应用。针对项目管理的研究也逐年增多。但是，近年来，，信息技术的广泛运用、外部环境的不断变化以及雇员对自身价值的追求，传统的静态的组织越来越无法适应这一切。具体表现为组织中的冲突不断增多，管理效率不断降低。 本文在介绍了研究现状及组织理论的发展过程后，针对项目组织与一般企业组织的不同特点，探讨了项目组织设计的一般性原则和通用的结构形式。并以项目式、职能式和矩阵式为对象，阐述了这三种组织结构的优缺点。 针对这些已经存在的缺陷，本文提出用社会技术系统的相关理论去改造项目的组织设计。它倡导的降低工作专门化程度和自我管理原则是对传统组织理论的重大挑战，同时它还克服了业务流程再造只针对生产系统进行优化的局限性，同时注重对技术子系统和社会子系统的共同优化。 基于上述的理论基础，本文提出了项目组织的五阶段设计模型。阶段Ⅰ包含项目定义、成立项目分析团队、划分项目工作流程范围和制定分析计划活动；阶段Ⅱ为技术子系统设计，包括建立工作分解结构、建立测量制度和标准、流程初试活动；阶段Ⅲ为社会子系统设计，包括分析非技术因素对流程的影响和项目团队建设；阶段Ⅳ为整合分析，包括流程诊断、确定优先权和制定变革方案；阶段Ⅴ为实施新流程，并建立反馈系统。 最后，论文选取世界银行贷款湖北城市环境项目作为案例，针对组织结构图和项目审批流程图的弊病，结合项目建设单位的意见，提出了相应的对策。
[Abstract]:Project management is one of the management techniques developed after World War II, but it has been widely used in various fields. The research on project management is also increasing year by year. However, in recent years, with the extensive use of information technology, the constant change of external environment and the pursuit of employees' own value, the traditional static organizations are becoming more and more unable to adapt to all of these. The specific performance is that the conflict in the organization is increasing and the efficiency of management is decreasing. After introducing the research status and the development process of organization theory, this paper discusses the general principle and general structure form of project organization design according to the different characteristics of project organization and general enterprise organization. The advantages and disadvantages of these three kinds of organizational structures are expounded with the object of project type, function type and matrix type. In view of these defects, this paper proposes to reform the organizational design of the project with the related theory of social technology system. The reduction of job specialization and self-management principles advocated by BPR is a major challenge to the traditional organizational theory, and it also overcomes the limitations of BPR only for optimization of production systems. At the same time pay attention to the technology subsystem and the social subsystem common optimization. Based on the above-mentioned theoretical basis, a five-stage design model of project organization is proposed in this paper. Stage I includes project definition, establishment of project analysis team, division of project workflow scope and development of analysis plan activities; Stage II is the design of the technical subsystem, including the establishment of the work decomposition structure, the establishment of the measurement system and standards, and the preliminary test activities of the process; the third stage is the design of the social subsystem, including the analysis of the impact of non-technical factors on the process and the construction of the project team; Stage 鈪
本文编号：2439067
[Abstract]:Project management is one of the management techniques developed after World War II, but it has been widely used in various fields. The research on project management is also increasing year by year. However, in recent years, with the extensive use of information technology, the constant change of external environment and the pursuit of employees' own value, the traditional static organizations are becoming more and more unable to adapt to all of these. The specific performance is that the conflict in the organization is increasing and the efficiency of management is decreasing. After introducing the research status and the development process of organization theory, this paper discusses the general principle and general structure form of project organization design according to the different characteristics of project organization and general enterprise organization. The advantages and disadvantages of these three kinds of organizational structures are expounded with the object of project type, function type and matrix type. In view of these defects, this paper proposes to reform the organizational design of the project with the related theory of social technology system. The reduction of job specialization and self-management principles advocated by BPR is a major challenge to the traditional organizational theory, and it also overcomes the limitations of BPR only for optimization of production systems. At the same time pay attention to the technology subsystem and the social subsystem common optimization. Based on the above-mentioned theoretical basis, a five-stage design model of project organization is proposed in this paper. Stage I includes project definition, establishment of project analysis team, division of project workflow scope and development of analysis plan activities; Stage II is the design of the technical subsystem, including the establishment of the work decomposition structure, the establishment of the measurement system and standards, and the preliminary test activities of the process; the third stage is the design of the social subsystem, including the analysis of the impact of non-technical factors on the process and the construction of the project team; Stage 鈪
本文编号：2439067
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