身体与虚无:从马克思资本批判视角的分析
发布时间：2019-03-15 22:21
【摘要】：在身体与灵魂的二分中,柏拉图以来的传统形而上学强调灵魂、理性、思想对身体的贬低、鄙视和压制,尼采颠覆了这一传统,他反对以理性为准绳,主张身体才是生命的基本条件,强调"对肉体的信仰"。尼采肇始的以身体为中心代替以灵魂为中心的观点,并没有自然而然地导致身体的解放。相反,伴随现代资本主义的发展,身体不可避免地被资本强暴了,它被纳入资本的结构化运作体系之中,异化为工具性和效用性的存在。资本主义生产关系条件下的身体异化有两种情况,一种是生产性的身体异化,另一种是消费性的身体异化。这两种异化都是在空间生产过程中完成的。身体及其异化造成意义的消解。具体来讲,它造成三种不同类型的虚无主义:尼采意义上的虚无主义;马克思意义上的生产主义虚无主义;鲍德里亚意义上的消费主义虚无主义。克服虚无主义的关键在于资本原则的超出,就此而言,马克思依然彰显出当代意义。
[Abstract]:In the dichotomy between body and soul, the traditional metaphysics since Plato emphasized the demeaning, despising, and suppressing of the body by soul, reason, thought, and Nietzsche subverted this tradition, and he opposed the principle of reason. Advocating that the body is the basic condition of life, emphasizing the faith in the body. Nietzsche's original view of body-centered instead of soul-centered did not naturally lead to the liberation of the body. On the contrary, with the development of modern capitalism, the body is inevitably raped by capital, which is incorporated into the structured operation system of capital, and is alienated into the existence of instrumentality and utility. Under the condition of capitalist relations of production, there are two kinds of physical alienation, one is productive physical alienation, the other is consumer physical alienation. These two kinds of alienation are completed in the process of space production. The body and its alienation result in the dissolution of meaning. Specifically, it resulted in three different types of nihilism: Nietzsche's nihilism in the sense of Nietzsche; productive nihilism in the Marxist sense; and consumerism nihilism in the Baudrillard's sense. The key to overcoming nihilism lies in the transcendence of capital principle, and Marx still shows the contemporary significance.
【作者单位】： 厦门大学马克思主义学院;中共中央编译局马克思主义研究部;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“价值虚无主义对马克思主义信仰养成的影响和对策研究”(15BKS112)
【分类号】：F091.91
本文编号：2441034
[Abstract]:In the dichotomy between body and soul, the traditional metaphysics since Plato emphasized the demeaning, despising, and suppressing of the body by soul, reason, thought, and Nietzsche subverted this tradition, and he opposed the principle of reason. Advocating that the body is the basic condition of life, emphasizing the faith in the body. Nietzsche's original view of body-centered instead of soul-centered did not naturally lead to the liberation of the body. On the contrary, with the development of modern capitalism, the body is inevitably raped by capital, which is incorporated into the structured operation system of capital, and is alienated into the existence of instrumentality and utility. Under the condition of capitalist relations of production, there are two kinds of physical alienation, one is productive physical alienation, the other is consumer physical alienation. These two kinds of alienation are completed in the process of space production. The body and its alienation result in the dissolution of meaning. Specifically, it resulted in three different types of nihilism: Nietzsche's nihilism in the sense of Nietzsche; productive nihilism in the Marxist sense; and consumerism nihilism in the Baudrillard's sense. The key to overcoming nihilism lies in the transcendence of capital principle, and Marx still shows the contemporary significance.
【作者单位】： 厦门大学马克思主义学院;中共中央编译局马克思主义研究部;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“价值虚无主义对马克思主义信仰养成的影响和对策研究”(15BKS112)
【分类号】：F091.91
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