西方马克思主义经济学家经济危机原因论述评

发布时间：2019-06-22 08:53

【摘要】：经济危机是指资本主义经济发展过程中周期性地爆发的社会经济的大混乱。①生产过剩是这种经济危机的基本特征。列宁说：“危机是什么？是生产过剩，生产的商品不能实现，找不到需求。”②金融危机和经济危机是资本主义经济制度和资本主义市场经济的永恒伴侣。自1825年爆发第一次经济危机以来，资本主义国家每隔一段时间就爆发一次危机，为了认清经济危机的根源、找到解决危机的办法，维护资本主义制度和资本主义社会的生存，经济危机理论成为西方经济学家研究的主要课题之一。其中，对经济危机原因的探讨成为经济危机理论研究的核心所在。2008年国际金融和经济危机爆发后，国内外学者纷纷开始思考危机产生的原因。就产生危机原因这一最核心问题来说，国内外形成了所谓的金融机构过度竞争论、金融监管不力论、国际货币体系扭曲论、过度消费论、政策诱致论、流动性过剩论、综合因素作用论等，它们分别从不同的角度解释了危机的产生原因，尽管上述理论具有一定的道理，但只是看到了危机产生的表面原因或技术性原因，而没有以马克思主义理论为指导进行深入的分析。本文通过梳理西方马克思主义经济危机原因理论，来帮助我们更好地理解经济危机产生的根本原因，同时将之与马克思的经济危机理论、西方主流资产阶级经济学家的危机理论进行比较，对其作出客观、公正、全面的评价。全文分四章。第一章：绪论。主要介绍研究西方马克思主义经济危机原因论的理论意义和现实意义、国内外研究现状、研究方法。第二章：西方马克思主义经济危机原因论。本章介绍了在西方产生重要影响的经济危机原因论。它们是：以罗伯特·布伦纳为代表的生产过剩危机理论；以克里斯·哈曼为代表的利润率下降理论；以考斯达斯·拉帕维查斯为代表的资本主义金融自由化理论；以大卫·科茨为代表的新自由主义酿造论。本章分四个小节分别论述上述各个理论是在什么样的背景下解释国际金融和经济危机爆发的原因的。第三章：西方马克思主义经济危机原因论对2008年国际金融和经济危机的解释力。本章首先回顾了当前这场席卷全球的国际金融和经济危机的演变过程，然后从马克思的角度解释了当前危机发生的根源，，接着叙述并评价西方马克思主义经济危机原因论关于导致当前这场危机的各种原因。第四章：对西方马克思主义经济危机原因论的总体评价。本章将西方马克思主义经济危机原因论与马克思的经济危机原因论、西方主流资产阶级经济学家的经济危机原因论进行比较，找出其合理之处和不合理之处。本文的结论是：西方马克思主义经济危机原因论以马克思主义理论和研究方法为蓝本，从不同角度分析了引起经济危机的各种原因，这些分析深入浅出，对于我们理解危机的根源非常有帮助。但是，这些理论都是在维护资本主义私有制这个根本制度的前提下解释危机原因的，并企图进一步找出解决危机的办法。因此，西方马克思主义学者的危机原因论与马克思危机原因论相比，在理论上缺乏彻底性。
[Abstract]:The economic crisis is the social and economic chaos that has occurred periodically during the development of the capitalist economy. The excess production surplus is the basic characteristic of the economic crisis. "The "What is the crisis? It is overproduction, and the goods produced can't be realized, and the demand can not be found." financial crisis and the economic crisis are the eternal partners of the capitalist economic system and the capitalist market economy," said Lenin. Since the first economic crisis in 1825, the capitalist countries have a crisis every other time, in order to recognize the root causes of the economic crisis, to find solutions to the crisis, to maintain the capitalist system and the existence of the capitalist society, The theory of economic crisis has become one of the main subjects in the study of western economists. The research on the cause of the economic crisis has become the core of the theoretical research of the economic crisis. After the outbreak of the international financial and economic crisis in 2008, domestic and foreign scholars began to think about the causes of the crisis. In that most core issue of the cause of the crisis, the so-called excessive competition theory, the weak regulation of financial supervision, the distortion of the international monetary system, the over-consumption theory, the policy-induced theory, the theory of excess liquidity, the action theory of the comprehensive factors, etc. have been formed at home and abroad. They explain the cause of the crisis from different angles, although the above-mentioned theory has a certain reason, but only see the surface causes or technical reasons of the crisis, and do not carry on the in-depth analysis with the theory of Marxism. By combing western Marxist economic crisis reason theory, this paper helps us to better understand the root cause of the economic crisis, and compare it with the theory of the economic crisis of Marx and the crisis theory of the western mainstream bourgeois economists. A fair and comprehensive evaluation. The full text is divided into four parts Chapter I : The introduction. It mainly introduces the theoretical and practical significance of the study of the cause theory of the western Marxist economic crisis, and the present situation of the research and research at home and abroad. The second chapter: the western Marxist economy The theory of the cause of the crisis. This chapter describes the economy that has an important impact in the West The cause of the crisis. They are: the theory of overproduction crisis represented by Robert Brenner; the theory of profit-rate reduction represented by Chris Haman; the theory of the capitalist financial liberalization, represented by Mr. Cosmas Rapavisas; and the new freedom represented by David Coz. This chapter discusses the above-mentioned theories in four sections to explain the international financial and economic crisis. Chapter 3: The Causes of the Western Marxist Economic Crisis and the International Financial and Transforms in 2008 This chapter first reviews the current process of the international financial and economic crisis that has engulfed the world, then explains the origin of the current crisis from the point of view of Marx, and then describes and evaluates the cause of the western Marxist economic crisis, which has led to the current crisis. The various causes of the crisis. Chapter four: to the western Marxism economic risk The general evaluation of the cause theory of the machine. This chapter compares the reason of the western Marxist economic crisis with the cause of the economic crisis of Marx, the reason of the economic crisis of the western mainstream bourgeois economist, and finds out the reason. The conclusion of this paper is that the reason of the western Marxist economic crisis is the blue book of the Marxist theory and the research method, and the various causes of the economic crisis are analyzed from different angles. The root causes of the solution crisis are very helpful. However, these theories are to explain the cause of the crisis on the premise of maintaining the fundamental system of the private ownership of capitalism, and to try to One step to find out the solution to the crisis. Therefore, the crisis reason of western Marxist scholars and the reason of Marx's crisis
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F091.91;F113.7

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