产业政策“绿色化”:阻力及一种可能的共生关系

发布时间：2019-05-20 19:29

【摘要】：伴随着金融危机和中国跃升为世界制造业第一大国,我们重新评估了制造业对工业化国家的重要性。"新产业政策"为再工业化提供了支撑,与以往的选择性和干涉主义政策不同。该政策鼓励竞争,与社会需求相符,与创新、建立在竞争实力基础上的区域政策以及"作为中心议题的可持续性"相结合。环保标准不再被认为是竞争性制造业的障碍,而是绿色增长的动力。欧洲把增加能源效率、增加可再生能源比例以及降低排放确立为2020年以及2050年的首要目标,要求在采用新技术和二氧化碳价格每吨250欧元的基础上,将温室气体量削减80%到90%。由于新萃取技术的出现以及欧洲排放权交易的瓦解,该发展道路的阻力来源于过低的燃气价格(尤以美国为甚)。这就引发了人们对欧洲是否必须在防止碳泄露方面应对燃气价格过低问题,及其在借助新技术提高能源效率、降低碳排放方面能够坚持正视综合的、系统性的产业政策目标的疑问。通过消除技术方面的投资赤字、提高技能并努力获得能源效率和清洁技术方面的优势,"新产业政策"将与美国在能源方面的成本优势相匹敌。
[Abstract]:With the financial crisis and China's leap to the top of the world's manufacturing industry, we reassessed the importance of manufacturing to industrialized countries. " The new industrial policy provides support for reindustrialization, which is different from the previous selective and interventionist policies. The policy encourages competition, is consistent with social needs, combines innovation, regional policies based on competitive power, and "sustainability as a central issue." Environmental standards are no longer seen as an obstacle to competitive manufacturing, but as a driving force for green growth. Europe has set increasing energy efficiency, increasing the proportion of renewable energy and reducing emissions as the primary targets for 2020 and 2050, requiring the introduction of new technologies and the price of carbon dioxide at 250 euros per tonne. Cut greenhouse gas volume by 80% to 90%. As a result of the emergence of new extraction technologies and the collapse of emissions trading in Europe, the resistance to the development path stems from low gas prices (especially in the United States). This has led to the question of whether Europe must deal with the low price of gas in order to prevent carbon leakage, and whether it can persist in facing up to the comprehensive in terms of improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions with the help of new technologies. Questions about systematic industrial policy objectives. By eliminating the investment deficit in technology, improving skills and trying to gain advantages in energy efficiency and clean technology, the New Industrial Policy will rival the cost advantage of the United States in terms of energy.
【作者单位】：奥地利经济研究院;北京物资学院;
【分类号】：F062.9

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