论《资本论》的研究对象、方法和分析范式

发布时间：2019-05-28 15:50

【摘要】：马克思在《资本论》第一卷序言中明确指出:"我要在本书研究的,是资本主义生产方式以及和它相适应的生产关系和交换关系。"这句话是关于《资本论》的研究对象的经典表述。我们可以将马克思这一经典表述解读为:作为资本主义经济形成的生产力基础的生产组织或劳动方式,以及和它相适应的生产关系和交换关系。在《资本论》中,马克思将历史唯物主义运用于资本主义经济形态的研究,发现了这种经济形态的特殊运动规律。这就是说,《资本论》的研究方法就是历史唯物主义。在《资本论》的宏大的理论体系的展开过程中,历史唯物主义的世界观这个根本的方法论原则,具体化为经济学分析的一系列规范:(1)从生产力与生产关系的矛盾运动中解释社会经济制度变迁;(2)以生产资料所有制为基础确定整个社会经济制度的性质;(3)在历史形成的社会经济结构的整体制约中分析人的经济行为;(4)依据经济关系来理解政治和法律的制度以及道德规范。
[Abstract]:Marx made it clear in the preface to volume I of Das Kapital: "what I want to study in this book is the capitalist mode of production and the relations of production and exchange that adapt to it." This sentence is a classical expression of the object of study of Das Kapital. We can interpret Marx as the production organization or labor mode, as well as the relations of production and exchange, which are the basis of productive forces formed by capitalist economy. In Das Kapital, Marx applied historical materialism to the study of capitalist economic form and found the special movement law of this economic form. That is to say, the research method of Das Kapital is historical materialism. In the course of the development of the grand theoretical system of Das Kapital, the fundamental methodological principle of the world outlook of historical materialism, It is concretely transformed into a series of norms of economic analysis: (1) to explain the changes of social and economic institutions from the contradictory movement of productive forces and relations of production; (2) to determine the nature of the whole social and economic system on the basis of the ownership of means of production; (3) to analyze the economic behavior of human beings in the overall restriction of the social and economic structure formed in history; (4) understanding political and legal systems and ethics according to economic relations.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学;
【分类号】：F091.91

【共引文献】