简论公共经济理论体系创新——兼论财政学向何处去

发布时间：2019-07-22 18:39

【摘要】：公共经济学作为研究在混合经济体中起主导作用的公共经济内在联系和运动规律的科学,其理论体系科学与否,不仅关系到该理论对实践指导功能的有效发挥,也关系到公共财政学、公共管理学等相关学科建设。公共经济思想理论20世纪20年代即开始在中国传播,近20年来译自欧美的外来版本和本土学者参照舶来理论写作出版的《公共经济学》或《公共部门经济学》如雨后春笋。但迄今为止,公共经济理论发展本身存在三大困惑:一是与公共财政学(也包括公共管理学)之间的关系纠缠不清;二是研究对象、范围、范式各色杂陈,缺乏贯穿公共经济再生产全过程的理论体系结构;三是在基础理论方面对马克思主义理论采取回避态度。因此,实现理论体系的重大创新,既是公共经济学获得独立经济学科地位的学术需要,也是发挥应有理论功能、促进我国公共经济健康高效发展的实践需要。创新公共经济理论体系至少应当完成五项主要任务:第一,把马克思主义理论引入公共经济学,从而实现理论基础创新;第二,在范畴、概念方面全面体现公共经济逻辑,使其概念范畴体系与公共财政学相比焕然一新,即实现理论范畴和概念体系创新;第三,将研究基点由社会再生产的分配环节转生产环节,使其理论阐述覆盖公共物品生产、交换、分配、消费全过程,从而实现研究范式的创新;第四,以公共物品作为核心范畴和贯穿整个理论体系的主线,按照公共物品再生产四个环节和公共经济治理各主要侧面谋篇布局、构建体系,从而实现学科体系结构的创新;第五,通过研究对象、研究范围、研究范式、概念范畴和体系结构的相对独立化,实现与公共财政学等相关学科之间关系的创新,以此从学科建设角度解决"财政学向何处去"的问题。
[Abstract]:As a science to study the internal relations and movement laws of public economy, which plays a leading role in mixed economies, the scientific theoretical system of public economics is not only related to the effective play of the theory to the practical guidance function, but also related to the construction of public finance, public management and other related disciplines. The theory of public economic thought began to spread in China in the 1920s. In the past 20 years, it has been translated from foreign editions in Europe and the United States and published by local scholars referring to imported theories. However, up to now, there are three puzzles in the development of public economy theory: one is the entanglement with public finance (including public management); the other is the research object, scope, paradigm, lack of theoretical system structure that runs through the whole process of public economic reproduction, and third, taking an evasive attitude to Marxist theory in terms of basic theory. Therefore, the realization of the great innovation of the theoretical system is not only the academic need for public economics to obtain the status of independent economics, but also the practical need to give full play to its theoretical function and promote the healthy and efficient development of public economy in our country. At least five main tasks should be accomplished in innovating the theoretical system of public economy: first, to introduce Marxist theory into public economics, so as to realize the innovation of theoretical basis; second, to fully embody the logic of public economy in terms of category and concept, and to make its conceptual category system take on a new look compared with public finance, that is, to realize the innovation of theoretical category and conceptual system; Third, the research basis will be changed from the distribution link of social reproduction to the production link, so that its theory will cover the whole process of production, exchange, distribution and consumption of public goods, so as to realize the innovation of research paradigm. Fourth, taking public goods as the core category and the main line running through the whole theoretical system, according to the four links of public goods reproduction and the main aspects of public economic governance, we should construct the system, so as to realize the innovation of subject system structure. Fifthly, through the relative independence of research object, research scope, research paradigm, conceptual category and system structure, the innovation of the relationship with public finance and other related disciplines can be realized, so as to solve the problem of "where to go finance" from the perspective of discipline construction.
【作者单位】：中国财政学会;财政部科研所;河北省财政学会;
【分类号】：F810;F062.6

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