屏南县贫困户小额信贷需求及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 23:27

本文关键词：屏南县贫困户小额信贷需求及其影响因素研究　出处：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：习近平总书记强调,全面建成小康社会,农村贫困人口全部脱贫是一个标志性指标,要确保到2020年所有贫困地区和贫困人口一道迈入全面小康社会。福建省委省政府也明确提出福建省脱贫攻坚战的目标,到2018年,福建省现行国定扶贫标准的农村贫困人口全部脱贫;到2020年,省定扶贫标准的农村贫困人口全部脱贫。同时,实现农村低保标准与国定扶贫标准相衔接。到2020年实现全部贫困人口摆脱贫困的既定目标,时间紧、任务重。要如期实现这一目标,确保全省所有贫困人口同步进入小康,贫困户稳定增收成为一个关键环节。但是,如何帮助贫困户稳定增收,如何做到精准扶贫、精准脱贫?扶贫小额信贷是主要途径之一。长期以来,由于金融机构贷款成本高、风险大,借贷双方信息不对称,贫困户学历不高、缺乏劳动技能等原因,导致了贫困户对小额信贷需求不大,或者难以获得小额信贷。而贫困户贷款难题,已成为阻碍贫困户增收脱贫的一大问题。近年来,福建省先后出台了一系列服务农村的金融政策,对贫困户贷款进行了许多有益探索,在屏南等县开展扶贫小额信贷创新试点工作,取得了初步成效。本文阐述了福建省小额信贷的实践情况,论述了样本县——屏南县小额信贷工作的开展情况、主要做法、特点和成效。在文献综述、定性分析和专家咨询的基础上,拟订了贫困户小额信贷需求的影响因素,并在屏南县开展实地调研,向11个乡镇220户贫困户发放问卷进行调查。通过整理、统计有关调查数据,对样本个人特征、家庭特征、资金需求、政府政策、银行资金供给、小额信贷需求意愿与行为、信贷资金供给意愿和乡镇农民人均可支配收入进行描述性统计分析,并且运用多元线性回归分析法进行计量分析,得出年龄与贫困户小额信贷需求意愿(希望申请金额)显著负相关,劳动力人数、家庭总支出、是否有负债、负债金额与贫困户小额信贷需求意愿显著正相关;年龄、学历、房屋结构与贫困户小额信贷需求行为(是否申请过小额信贷)显著负相关;劳动技能和家庭总支出与是否申请过小额信贷显著正相关。在上述研究的基础上,本文从政府、金融机构、贫困户三个层面提出对策建议。在政府方面,应该加强政策宣传,建立信息平台,健全担保体系,探索机制创新,加强指导监督,推动扶贫小额信贷工作规范、持续、有序发展,同时,实施教育扶智扶贫,劳动技能培训,易地扶贫搬迁,重点推动"输血"式扶贫向"造血"式扶贫转变;在金融机构方面,应该加强互补合作,丰富贷款品种,调整贷款期限等;在贫困户方面,建议转变思想观念,增强自我发展的意识和脱贫致富的信心、决心,同时,积极主动参加学历教育和劳动技能培训,努力依靠自身辛勤劳动实现脱贫致富。
[Abstract]:General secretary Xi Jinping stressed that a comprehensive well-off society, rural poverty alleviation is a symbol of all indicators, to ensure that by 2020 all poor areas and people together into the comprehensive well-off society. The Fujian provincial government also pointed out that Fujian province poverty alleviation war goals, to 2018, the rural poor population in Fujian Province, the current national all out of poverty alleviation standard; by 2020, the rural poor population, the poverty standard of all poverty. At the same time, the rural minimum living standard and national standard of poverty alleviation convergence. By 2020 all the poor people get rid of poverty target, time tight, heavy task. To achieve this goal on schedule, ensure all the province's poverty population synchronous access to well-off, poor households' income stability has become a key link. However, how to help poor households' income stability, how to achieve precise poverty alleviation, precise poverty help? Poor microfinance is one of the main routes. For a long time, because of the high cost loans of financial institutions, lending risk, asymmetric information, poor education is not high, lack of labor skills, leads to poor households demand of credit is not, or difficult to obtain small amount credit loans to poor households. The problem has become a obstacles of poor households' income poverty. In recent years, Fujian province has issued a series of policy financial services in rural areas, a lot of useful exploration on loans to poor households, in Pingnan county to carry out poverty alleviation microfinance innovation pilot work, and achieved initial results. This paper expounds the practice of microfinance in Fujian province. The sample County - Pingnan County microfinance development situation, the main work of practice, characteristics and achievements. Based on the literature review, qualitative analysis and expert consultation, to the poor little Influencing factors of credit demand, and carry out field research in Pingnan County, 11 villages and towns to carry out investigations to 220 poor households questionnaire. Through the collation, statistics on the sample survey data, personal characteristics, family characteristics, capital requirements, government policy, the supply of bank funds, willingness and behavior of micro credit demand, credit funds supply the will and the per capita disposable income of farmers by descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis method for quantitative analysis, the age and the poor households microfinance demand (amount to apply for) a significant negative correlation, labor force, total household expenditure, whether debt is positively related to debt and poor households willingness of microfinance demand; age, education, housing structure and poor households microfinance demand behavior (whether for microfinance) is negatively correlated; labor skills and household spending And if you have applied for is positively related to microfinance. On the basis of the above research, this article from the government, financial institutions, puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions of poor households in three aspects. In the government, should strengthen the policy advocacy, the establishment of information platform, perfect the guarantee system, to explore the mechanism of innovation, strengthen supervision and guidance, promote poverty alleviation microfinance job specification, continuous, orderly development, at the same time, the implementation of education Fu Chi poverty, labor skills training, to resettle, focus on promoting the "blood transfusion" poverty alleviation to the "blood" of poverty alleviation; in terms of financial institutions, should strengthen mutual cooperation, enrich the variety of loans, adjust the loan period; in poor households. Suggest change ideas, enhance the development of the self consciousness and the poverty of confidence and determination, at the same time, and actively participate in education and labor skills training, to rely on their own hard work to achieve poverty.

【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.4;F323.8

【参考文献】