粮食生产、土地改革与农民家庭经营:基于余粮输出区安徽无为县的历史视角

发布时间：2018-01-30 03:18

本文关键词： 粮食生产土地改革制度变迁家庭经营农业合作化　出处：《中国人民大学学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：安徽省无为县是长江下游典型的余粮输出区。该县粮食生产和农民家庭经营的原始档案材料显示,与20世纪50年代土地改革相伴随的是该区域水稻总产和单产的提升而不是下降。土地改革重新配置要素对农业经济的正面作用超过了其对部分经营主体的冲击所带来的负面作用。土地改革之后的互助合作,在传统农业经济的范围内继续改善农民的经营状况,却无法为农业带来要素现代化的变革。与当时稻作农业最发达的长江三角洲地区相比较,无为县能够长期输出余粮并非是因为具有较高的农业技术水平,而是有赖于当地农民较低的消费水平。这一个案为深入理解20世纪50年代工业化压力下农业政策的变动方向与所受到的约束,以及50年代中国的经济和政治变动提供了可靠的历史视角和知识准备。
[Abstract]:Wuwei County in Anhui Province is a typical surplus grain export area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In 1950s, land reform was accompanied by an increase in the total yield and yield per unit of rice in the region, rather than a decline. The positive effect of the land reform reconfiguration elements on the agricultural economy exceeded its impact on some management bodies. The negative effects of the attack. Mutual assistance and cooperation in the aftermath of land reform. In the scope of traditional agricultural economy, we can continue to improve the management of farmers, but can not bring about the modernization of agricultural elements, compared with the most developed rice farming area of the Yangtze River Delta at that time. Wuwei County is not able to export surplus grain for a long time because of its high level of agricultural technology. It depends on the low consumption level of local farmers. This case is to understand the changing direction and constraints of agricultural policy under the pressure of industrialization in 1950s. In 50s, China's economic and political changes provided a reliable historical perspective and intellectual preparation.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院;国家发展与战略研究院;
【分类号】：F329
【正文快照】： 一、引言第二次世界大战后的经济学发展,在不断完善以一般均衡理论为核心的新古典框架的同时,也极其重视制度变迁和经济发展之间的关系。例如,诺斯以交易成本和产权概念为切入点,逐渐发展起一个力图通盘考虑制度、组织与个人经济行为的理论范式。[1]新中国成立以来,在经济总量

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