农地流转背景下地块规模对农户种粮投入影响分析

发布时间：2018-02-13 09:18

本文关键词： 农地流转地块规模种粮投入多层模型政策启示　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：近年来粮食安全受到国家和社会的广泛关注,农地投入作为粮食生产的重要要素,是保障粮食稳定产出的前提。学者就农地规模对农户种粮投入的影响已进行了较多研究,但受农地流转的影响,土地要素更具多样化,土地规模与农户种粮投入的关系发生变化。随着农地流转在我国的快速发展,探析农地流转影响下土地规模对农户种粮投入影响的变化成为一个亟待研究的问题,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。考虑到地块的异质性,本文基于山东、河南、安徽三个粮食主产省622户农户1 284个地块的粮食生产数据从村庄和农户两个层次控制了生产要素市场价格、地块要素等非主观因素,进行多层模型回归分析。结果表明,农地流转特征及地块特征对农户粮食生产单位面积投入有显著影响。地块规模和转入地占比对农地投入影响为负,转入地占比越大,地权稳定性越低,农户投入积极性受到挫伤越明显,在转入地上的投入减少。随着转入土地面积的增加,农户从事粮食生产的机会成本增大,使其有更强的动力增加种粮投入,地块规模的负向影响程度降低。基于分析结果,本文得出以下3点结论:(1)规模化经营有利于降低单位面积种粮成本;(2)农地流转发生时,地块规模对种粮投入的影响发生改变,成片规模化经营将成为我国粮食生产的必然趋势;(3)提高土地综合条件可以降低投入成本,并提高农户投入积极性。要保障国家粮食安全,需从降低种粮成本、提高农户收益着手,建议鼓励农村土地流转,推动粮食规模化生产,同时也要注重增加财政拨款,建设高标准粮田,强化高标准粮田的农业基础设施建设,完善田间配套工程。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the national and social attention has been paid to the food security. As an important factor of grain production, farmland input is the premise of ensuring the stable output of grain. Scholars have done more research on the impact of farmland scale on farmers' grain input. However, due to the influence of farmland circulation, land elements are more diversified, and the relationship between land scale and farmers' grain input has changed. With the rapid development of agricultural land transfer in China, It is urgent to study the influence of land scale on farmers' grain input under the influence of farmland circulation, which is of great significance to ensure the national food security. Considering the heterogeneity of land plots, this paper is based on Shandong, Henan, Henan Province, Shandong Province and Henan Province. The grain production data of 1 284 plots of 622 households in three major grain production provinces of Anhui Province controlled the factors of production market price, land elements and other non-subjective factors from two levels of villages and farmers. The results showed that, The characteristics of farmland circulation and plot have significant influence on the input of grain production unit area. The scale of plot and the proportion of land transferred have negative influence on the input of agricultural land, the greater the proportion of land transferred, the lower the stability of land ownership. With the increase of land area, the opportunity cost of farmers engaged in grain production increased, which made them have a stronger incentive to increase grain investment. Based on the results of the analysis, the following three conclusions are drawn: 1) scale operation is beneficial to reduce the cost of grain planting per unit area. Large scale operation will become the inevitable trend of grain production in our country. Increasing the comprehensive condition of land can reduce the input cost and increase the enthusiasm of farmers. In order to ensure the national food security, it is necessary to reduce the cost of planting grain. To improve farmers' income, it is suggested to encourage the circulation of rural land and promote large-scale grain production. At the same time, we should also pay attention to increasing financial allocations, building high-standard grain fields, strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure in high-standard grain fields, and perfecting the supporting projects in the fields.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“农村公共政策个体风险研判实验及拟合匹配研究——以陕甘鲁豫为例”(批准号:71573208) 西北农林科技大学科技创新专项重点项目“小麦主产区土地流转现状及机制构建”(批准号:Z109021312) 西部发展研究院定向委托项目“农地适度规模化背景下新型粮食生产体系构建研究”(批准号:2015XBYD001)
【分类号】：F321.1;F326.11

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