基于CA-Markov模型的县域重金属超标农用地优化配置研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 17:30

本文关键词： 重金属 CA-Markov模型优化配置模拟农用地地类调整　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,对人们身体健康密切相关的农用地重金属超标问题引起了越来越多的社会关注,以实现重金属超标农用地安全利用为目标的地类优化配置,为重金属超标农用地的管控技术研究提供了新的思路,具有一定的现实意义。本文以A市为研究区,以2005年规划图斑和2013年二调图斑等资料为基础数据,通过分析研究区土地利用优化配置影响因素确定模型优化配置模拟的主要影响因素,利用Markov模型获取上一期土地利用转移矩阵,并根据规划进行适当修正,然后,制作适宜性评价图集,最后,通过IDRISI平台的CA-Markov模块实现研究区重金属超标农用地的优化配置模拟,得到以下主要结论:(1)从分布区域来看,A市重金属超标区域较严重的农用地主要分布在该市东南部和北部地区;从数量来看,超标区耕地面积2077.59hm2,占耕地总面积的3.86%;超标区园地面积560.19 hm2,占园地总面积的5.94%。(2)2020年土地利用优化配置模拟结果表明,耕地、水域、园地、其他用地面积减少,耕地总量基本保持稳定,其他用地减少量最大,建设用地、林地面积增加,其中建设用地面积增加量较大。(3)土壤重金属超标区和允许建设区土地利用变化表明,中重度超标区72.63%的耕地和49.66%的园地被调出,建设用地和林地作为调入地类布局在重金属中重度超标区,模型能够很好的实现土壤重金属中重度超标区农用地的安全利用。允许建设区建设用地迅速拓展,承担生态服务功能的水域面积有所增加,耕地、林地、园地、其他用地大面积缩减,配置结果能够为城市新增建设用地优先布局区域提供参考。(4)对土地整治区土地利用变化结果分析表明,土地整治区耕地增加了1705.74 hm2,耕地补充主要来源其他用地,主要由于该地类分布在地形平坦的耕地周边,耕地适宜性强,是土地复垦区的主要复垦地类。(5)本文最后依据模型对重金属超标区的优化配置模拟结果,通过将研究区划分四个安全利用类型区,为当地重金属超标农用地制定管控政策提供参考。本文利用CA-Markov模型,解决了重金属超标农用地安全利用如何进行地类调整,调整哪些区域的问题,并为当地相关管控政策的制定提供支撑。
[Abstract]:At present, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of heavy metals in agricultural land which is closely related to the health of people, and the optimal allocation of heavy metals for the purpose of safe utilization of agricultural land is becoming more and more important. This paper provides a new idea for the study of the control technology of heavy metals exceeding the standard agricultural land, and has certain practical significance. This paper takes A city as the research area, based on the data of 2005 planning map spot and 2013 two-tone map spot, etc. By analyzing the influencing factors of optimal allocation of land use in the study area and determining the main influencing factors of the simulation of optimal allocation of land in the model, the Markov model is used to obtain the land use transfer matrix of the last period, and the appropriate correction is made according to the planning, and then, Finally, through the CA-Markov module of IDRISI platform to realize the optimization configuration simulation of heavy metal overstandard agricultural land in the research area. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in terms of distribution area, the agricultural land where heavy metals exceed the standard is mainly distributed in the southeastern and northern parts of the city, and in terms of quantity, The results of land use optimization simulation in 2020 showed that the area of cultivated land, water area, garden land and other land area decreased in 2020, and the area of garden land was 560.19 hm ~ 2, which accounted for 5.940.59hm ~ 2 of the total area of garden land in the over-standard area, which accounted for 3.86% of the total area of cultivated land. The total amount of cultivated land remained basically stable, and the decrease of other land use was the largest, and the area of construction land and woodland increased. Among them, the area of construction land increased significantly. 72.63% of the arable land and 49.66% of the garden land in the medium and heavy excess areas were transferred out. The construction land and the forest land were distributed in the heavy metal medium and heavy metal areas as input areas. The model can well realize the safe utilization of agricultural land in the medium and heavy heavy metals exceeding standard area of soil. It allows the construction land in the construction area to expand rapidly, and the area of the water area where the ecological service function is assumed has been increased. The cultivated land, woodland, garden land, Other land use is reduced in large area, and the allocation results can provide a reference for the priority layout area of urban newly added construction land. 4) the analysis of land use change results in the land regulation area shows that, The cultivated land increased by 1705.74 hm2 in the land regulation area, and the cultivated land supplement mainly came from other land, mainly due to the distribution of the land type around the flat cultivated land and the strong suitability of the cultivated land. It is the main reclaimed land type in the land reclamation area. Finally, according to the simulation results of the optimized allocation of heavy metals in the over-standard area, this paper divides the study area into four safe utilization types. In this paper, we use CA-Markov model to solve the problem of how to adjust the land category and which region to adjust for the safe use of heavy metals. And provide support for the development of local related control policy.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X53;F301.2

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