职业技术教育对我国新生代农民工职业选择的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 23:26

本文关键词： 职业技术教育新生代农民工职业选择　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国产业结构的不断调整和城镇化的飞速发展,大量的新生代农民工进入城市寻求工作与生活,成为经济发展的主力军。他们中大多数过早离开农村,不擅长农活,与第一代农民工相比,他们更渴望融入城市,有更强的职业诉求。但现阶段,其职业选择现状并不乐观:一是由于自身人力资本存量限制,大量新生代农民工被迫选择第二、第三产业中的低技能廉价劳动力行业;二是职业诉求多样,虽然职业选择范围更广更灵活,但就业稳定性却不够;三是受到来自劳动力市场的制度壁垒等外力因素的制约。因此,探索职业技术教育在新生代农民工职业选择中所起的作用,提高其职业选择能力就显得尤为迫切。基于人口迁移理论、职业倾向理论和人力资本理论,针对新生代农民工职业选择的现状、特点及影响因素,重点分析职业技术教育对新生代农民工职业选择的作用机理,包括证书信号显示机制,岗位胜任和生产效率机制,以及社会网络扩充机制。进一步,使用中山大学社会科学调查中心开展的“中国劳动力动态调查”(CLDS)数据,从实证上分析职业技术教育对新生代农民工职业选择的影响。针对外出农民工样本,接受职业技术教育对其职业选择具有正向的积极影响。针对新生代农民工样本,“专业技术人员”这类技能型职业受职业技术教育影响的效果更明显。为着重考察参加职业技术教育状况对新生代农民工职业选择的具体影响效果,分别引入职业技术教育与其他自变量的交互项,结果显示,在不同的职业领域,职业技术教育对不同性别、年龄、受教育程度的新生代农民工的作用效果也不同,这些差异决定了与普通教育相比,职业技术教育更能为新生代农民工的职业选择产生积极效用。在上述分析的基础上,针对职业技术教育如何在新生代农民工的职业选择中发挥效用,提出如下建议:响应“中国制造2025”时代要求,大力推进职教改革,发挥政府在职业技术教育中的主导作用;克服短视心理,做好员工职业技术培训,巩固企业在职业技术教育中的重要地位;提升民生类劳动密集型企业数量与质量,鼓励小微企业发展,发挥市场对职业技术教育的引导作用;完善医疗、养老、住房等保障制度,健全覆盖新生代农民工的公共服务体系。
[Abstract]:With the constant adjustment of industrial structure and the rapid development of urbanization, a large number of new generation of migrant workers have entered the city to seek work and life, and become the main force of economic development. Most of them leave the countryside prematurely and are not good at farm work. Compared with the first generation of migrant workers, they are more eager to integrate into the city and have stronger career aspirations. However, the present situation of their career choices is not optimistic: first, due to their own human capital stock constraints, a large number of new generation migrant workers are forced to choose the second. The low skill and low cost labor industry in the tertiary industry, the second is the diversity of job demand, although the scope of career choice is wider and more flexible, but the employment stability is not enough; The third is restricted by external factors such as institutional barriers from the labor market. Therefore, this paper explores the role of vocational and technical education in the career choice of the new generation of migrant workers. On the basis of population migration theory, career tendency theory and human capital theory, this paper aims at the status quo, characteristics and influencing factors of the new generation of migrant workers' career choice. The mechanism of vocational and technical education on the new generation of migrant workers' career choice, including certificate signal display mechanism, post competence and production efficiency mechanism, as well as social network expansion mechanism, is analyzed. Using CLDS data from the Social Science Survey Center of Sun Yat-sen University, this paper empirically analyzes the influence of vocational and technical education on the career choice of the new generation of migrant workers. Receiving vocational and technical education has a positive effect on their choice of occupation. For the sample of new generation of migrant workers, the effect of vocational and technical education on the skilled occupation such as "professional and technical personnel" is more obvious. The concrete effect of participating in vocational and technical education on the occupation choice of the new generation of migrant workers, The results show that the effect of vocational and technical education on the new generation of migrant workers with different gender, age and education level is different in different vocational fields. These differences determine that vocational and technical education is more effective for the new generation of migrant workers than general education. In view of how vocational and technical education plays an important role in the new generation of migrant workers' career choice, the following suggestions are put forward: in response to the requirement of "made in China 2025" era, the vocational education reform should be vigorously promoted and the government should play a leading role in vocational and technical education; To overcome short-sighted psychology, to do a good job of vocational and technical training for employees, to consolidate the important position of enterprises in vocational and technical education, to upgrade the number and quality of labor-intensive enterprises of people's livelihood, and to encourage the development of small and micro enterprises. We should give full play to the guiding role of the market in vocational and technical education, perfect the medical care, old-age care, housing and other security systems, and improve the public service system covering the new generation of migrant workers.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.6

【相似文献】