集体林权制度改革视角下云南省森林碳汇经济价值研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 05:15

本文选题：碳减排　切入点：林改　出处：《云南财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于近年来我国经济发展方式的转变,对保护生态环境、节能减排的要求随之提高,国际大背景下,应对全球气候变暖的国际合作也开展的如火如荼,因此无论是出于对自身可持续发展的考虑还是树立大国形象的要求,采取可行措施减排控排应对温室气体的过量排放都显得刻不容缓,森林碳汇作为一种经济有效、适应性强、效益多样的减排机制被多国采用,针对森林碳汇的研究也已成为一大热点。云南省作为林业大省,森林资源丰富,蕴藏着巨大的经济开发潜力,但长期以来,云南省的林业发展并不尽如人意,广大林农守着“绿色金矿”但生活却依然窘迫。为促进林业发展,提高森林资源开发效率,增加农民收入,自2006年开始,云南省正式推进集体林权制度改革(以下简称林改),改革旨在明晰产权,承包到户,解放林业生产力,让林农拥有林木经营权、受益权等权利,激发林农积极参与森林资源开发和管理的热情。森林碳汇作为林木的孳息物,其产权从属于林木产权,因此林改对林权的明晰也同时将森林碳汇产权明确划分,森林碳汇产权的明晰是衡量森林碳汇经济价值的基础,没有明确产权的森林碳汇也就意味着其经济价值不能得到完全发挥,即使对其价值进行衡量也没有参考意义。本文在对国内外学者的研究成果进行总结时发现,目前对于林改与森林碳汇之间关联性的研究比较缺乏,因此本文对林改与森林碳汇之间的关联性进行探讨,揭示了林改与森林碳汇发展之间的有机联系,论述了林改对于森林碳汇项目开展的重要意义,森林碳汇经济价值的实现对于推进林改工作的积极作用,并在分析相关数据,构建合理模型的基础上,对云南省森林碳储量及其经济价值进行核算。本文核算的对象是乔木林,因为乔木林占云南省森林面积的绝大部分,且产权界定较为清晰,其获取的森林碳汇可以通过市场交易实现经济价值。本研究立足于对云南省森林碳汇的经济价值进行核算,通过展现云南省的森林碳汇经济价值来反映云南省丰富的森林资源所蕴藏的巨大经济效益。该核算可以为相关机构单位在进行森林碳汇项目交易时提供定价定量方法的参考,为省委省政府在推出新的配套改革措施,开发森林碳汇资源提供依据。本研究的目的是希望云南省能够依托自身的资源优势,为我国运用森林碳汇机制进行有效的减排控排作出创新性的尝试,力争发展并总结出自身在该领域的先进经验,这不仅可以对全国甚至全球起着示范作用,也将吸引更多的外来资本投入林业,提升林业发展水平,促使森林资源开发朝着精细化方向发展,保证森林资源在以更加多样的形式发挥自身经济效益和生态效益的同时,为我国碳减排事业提供一份支持方案。
[Abstract]:Due to the transformation of our country's economic development mode in recent years, the requirements of protecting the ecological environment, saving energy and reducing emissions have been raised. In the international context, the international cooperation to deal with global warming is also in full swing. Therefore, it is urgent to take feasible measures to reduce and control the emissions of greenhouse gases to deal with the excessive emissions of greenhouse gases, both for the consideration of their own sustainable development and for the requirements of establishing the image of a big country. Various emission reduction mechanisms have been adopted by many countries, and the research on forest carbon sinks has become a hot spot. As a big forestry province, Yunnan Province is rich in forest resources and contains huge economic development potential, but for a long time, The forestry development in Yunnan Province is not satisfactory, and the vast number of forest farmers are still living in a "green gold mine". In order to promote forestry development, improve the efficiency of forest resources development and increase farmers' income, since 2006, Yunnan Province has formally promoted the reform of the collective forest tenure system (hereinafter referred to as forest reform), which aims at clarifying property rights, contracting households, liberating forestry productivity, and giving forest farmers the right to operate and benefit trees. The property rights of forest carbon sinks, as fruits of trees, are subordinate to forest property rights, so the clarity of forest rights in forest reform also clearly divides the property rights of forest carbon sinks. The clarity of forest carbon sequestration property rights is the basis to measure the economic value of forest carbon sinks. Without clear ownership of forest carbon sinks, it means that the economic value of forest carbon sinks cannot be fully displayed. This paper summarizes the research results of domestic and foreign scholars and finds that there is a lack of research on the relationship between forest reform and forest carbon sinks. Therefore, this paper discusses the relationship between forest reform and forest carbon sinks, reveals the organic relationship between forest reform and forest carbon sink development, and discusses the significance of forest reform to the development of forest carbon sequestration projects. The realization of economic value of forest carbon sink plays an active role in promoting forest reform. Based on the analysis of relevant data and the establishment of reasonable model, the paper calculates the forest carbon storage and its economic value in Yunnan Province. Because Arbor forests account for most of the forest area in Yunnan Province and the definition of property rights is relatively clear, the forest carbon sinks obtained by them can realize economic value through market transactions. This study is based on the accounting of the economic value of forest carbon sinks in Yunnan Province. The economic value of forest carbon sinks in Yunnan Province is shown to reflect the enormous economic benefits of the rich forest resources in Yunnan Province. This accounting can provide a reference for the pricing quantitative methods of the relevant institutions in the transaction of forest carbon sequestration projects. The purpose of this study is to provide the basis for the provincial party committee and the government to develop forest carbon sequestration resources by introducing new reform measures. The purpose of this study is to hope that Yunnan Province can rely on its own resource advantages. It is an innovative attempt for our country to use forest carbon sink mechanism to reduce and control emissions effectively, and to develop and sum up our own advanced experience in this field, which can not only play an exemplary role to the whole country or even the whole world. It will also attract more foreign capital into forestry, raise the level of forestry development, promote the development of forest resources in the direction of refinement, and ensure that forest resources can bring their own economic and ecological benefits into full play in more diverse forms. For our country carbon abatement enterprise provides a support plan.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X196;F326.22

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