广西罗非鱼产业价值链研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 01:03

本文选题：罗非鱼产业　切入点：价值链　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：罗非鱼,作为联合国粮农组织(FAO)向全世界推荐养殖的鱼类之一,经过四十几年的发展,已经成为世界上水产养殖分布较广的物种之一,在热带、亚热带和温带的100多个国家被广泛养殖。我国自上个世纪60年代引入罗非鱼之后,进行了大规模的推广养殖,养殖区域不断扩增,养殖产量增长迅速,目前已经发展为世界罗非鱼第一大国,养殖产量及出口量在世界上遥遥领先,罗非鱼也因此被誉为"21世纪中国献给世界的鱼"。广西气候条件适宜,渔业资源丰富,罗非鱼产业发展迅速,是我国5大罗非鱼主产区之一。据统计,2013年广西罗非鱼养殖总产量为28.6万吨,位列全国第3。随着罗非鱼产业组织形式的优化、养殖技术的提高,广西罗非鱼产业已经形成由苗种繁育到成鱼养殖、流通和加工、出口等环节构成的罗非鱼产业链。但随着国内外市场竞争日趋激烈、消费需求呈现多元化、个性化,以及罗非鱼进口国贸易壁垒对我国罗非鱼产业的限制,广西罗非鱼产业各个环节还存在许多不足,这些不足将影响广西罗非鱼产业的可持续发展,因此,为促进广西罗非鱼产业的长远、健康、可持续发展,有必要从整体上把握罗非鱼产业各个环节的发展现状,找出各环节发展存在的问题,分析影响各环节价值实现的因素,并提出适当的措施予以积极应对和解决。本文基于迈克尔·波特的价值链理论、产业价值链理论及农业产业价值链理论,首次提出了罗非鱼产业价值链的组成结构。首先,利用比较优势分析的方法,分析了我国罗非鱼5大主产区在罗非鱼产业发展方面存在的优势和劣势,结果表明,海南省和云南省具有比较优势,广东、广西和福建具有比较劣势,分析了广西罗非鱼产业具有比较劣势的原因及海南省、云南省罗非鱼产业发展的优势所在,为广西罗非鱼价值链的研究提供依据。其次,在价值链研究过程中,采用文献回顾法、调研研究法、统计分析法等研究方法,在借鉴已有文献研究中的研究方法及重要结论的基础上,依托罗非鱼产业链,从罗非鱼价值链的角度出发,采用定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法,对产业价值链上各环节的价值增加,各环节生产所产生的成本、价值增值及收益状况进行统计,经过统计整理和核算各环节的价值增值及在产业价值链总增值中所占的比重,归纳和总结了产业价值链的结构,对广西罗非鱼产业价值链的主要增值环节开展了深入的分析,并对广西罗非鱼产业价值链存在的问题提出完善罗非鱼产业价值链的对策建议。文章同时对广西罗非鱼消费者的消费意向进行实证研究,以便为罗非鱼国内销售渠道的开拓提供依据。论文得出主要结论如下:1、广西罗非鱼产业不具有比较优势,但优势指数呈上升趋势。提高罗非鱼产业比较优势还应该从效率比较优势着手,提高养殖生产效率。2、国内流通路径的价值增值高于加工出口路径的价值增值。我国罗非鱼产业升级,应该从开拓国内市场及提高加工环节价值增值两方面下手。3、龙头企业在罗非鱼产业价值链中发挥重要作用。减少养殖户与加工厂之间的中间环节,有利于加工企业增值比例及生产利润的提高,激发加工企业发挥带头作用,进行科技创新,开发新产品,提高罗非鱼价值增值。"公司+基地+农户"及"龙头企业+农户"等龙头企业主导的龙头加工企业与养殖户直接对接的组织模式对罗非鱼产业结构优化起到促进作用。4、罗非鱼产品国内市场潜力巨大,产业信息链建设刻不容缓,完善罗非鱼产业信息链建设,做到产品可追溯,是罗非鱼产业升级过程中不可忽视的内容。最后,论文对广西罗非鱼产业发展提出"扩大养殖规模,提高生产效率、延伸产业链,提高产业价值增值、引导罗非鱼国内消费,开拓国内市场、发挥龙头企业带头作用,优化产业经营模式、完善罗非鱼产业信息链建设,实现产品可追溯"等政策建议,为广西罗非鱼产业发展提供参考。
[Abstract]:Tilapia, as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommended to the world one of the breeding of fish, after forty years of development, has become one of the most widely distributed, breeding of aquatic species in the world, more than 100 countries in tropical, subtropical and temperate has been widely cultivated. After our country since the last century introduced in 60s of tilapia. The large-scale promote the breeding and breeding areas increase rapidly, the rapid growth of aquaculture production, has developed into the world's first big tilapia aquaculture production, and exports way ahead in the world, because the tilapia is also known as "the twenty-first Century Chinese to the world fish". Guangxi climate, rich fishery resources, the rapid development of tilapia industry that is one of the 5 tilapia producing areas in China. According to statistics, in 2013 the total output of tilapia farming in Guangxi was 286 thousand tons, ranked No. 3. with tilapia industry organization Optimization of breeding technology, Guangxi tilapia industry has been formed by breeding to breeding, circulation and processing, export and other aspects of the composition of tilapia industry chain. But with the increasingly competitive domestic and foreign markets, consumer demand has diversified, personalized, trade barriers and restrictions to the importing country of tilapia tilapia industry in China. Guangxi tilapia industry links still exist many problems, and these problems will affect the sustainable development of Guangxi tilapia industry so as to promote the Guangxi tilapia industry long-term, healthy and sustainable development, it is necessary to grasp the current situation of the development of all aspects of tilapia industry as a whole, find out the existing problems in the development of various links, analysis of influence factors link of value realization, and propose appropriate measures to actively respond to and solve. This paper based on the theory of Michael Porter's value chain, industry The theory of value chain and the agricultural industry value chain theory, first proposed the structure of tilapia industry value chain. Firstly, using the method of comparative analysis, analysis of the existing in the development of China's tilapia tilapia industry the 5 main areas of strengths and weaknesses, the results show that the Hainan province and Yunnan Province has a comparative advantage, Guangdong. Guangxi and Fujian have a comparative disadvantage, analysis of the Guangxi tilapia industry with comparative disadvantage and Hainan Province, where the development of tilapia industry in Yunnan province advantage, for the study of Guangxi tilapia value chain provides the basis. Secondly, in the research process of the value chain, using the methods of literature review, research method, research method, statistical analysis method so, on the basis of research methods and conclusions in the literature on the industry chain, relying on tilapia, tilapia out from the perspective of value chain, using qualitative The method of combining analysis and quantitative analysis of the industry value chain, the value increased, resulting in every link of production cost, statistical value and earnings, after the value of each link statistics and accounting and the proportion in the total value of the industry value chain, summarizes the structure the industrial value chain, value chain mainly in Guangxi tilapia industry value chain to carry out in-depth analysis, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the tilapia industry value chain of Guangxi tilapia industry value chain. At the same time the Guangxi tilapia consumer intention of empirical research, in order to provide the basis for the domestic tilapia sales channel development the main conclusions are as follows: 1, Guangxi tilapia industry does not have a comparative advantage, but the advantage of the exponential rise. Improve the tilapia industry comparison Advantage should also proceed from the comparative advantage of efficiency, improve aquaculture production efficiency.2, value added value of domestic circulation path is higher than the export processing path. China's tilapia industry should upgrade, from opening up the domestic market and improve the processing value of two to start.3, leading enterprises play an important role in the tilapia industry value chain. The intermediate links between farmers and processing plants, is conducive to the production and processing enterprises, the proportion of value added to increase profits, stimulate processing enterprises to play a leading role in technological innovation, develop new products, improve the added value of tilapia. "Leading processing enterprises organization mode of company + base + farmers" and "leading enterprises + farmers" and other leading enterprises the leading and farmers direct docking to the role of.4 to promote the optimization of industrial structure of tilapia, tilapia products in the domestic market potential is huge, information industry The construction of the chain to improve the construction of tilapia industry information chain, to achieve product traceability, can not be ignored in the process of upgrading the content of tilapia industry. Finally, the paper puts forward "to expand the scale of farming on the development of Guangxi tilapia industry, improve production efficiency, extend the industrial chain, improve the industrial added value, to guide the domestic consumption of tilapia, open up the domestic market, leading enterprises play a leading role, optimize the industrial management mode, improve the construction of tilapia industry chain information, product traceability and other policy recommendations, provide a reference for the development of Guangxi tilapia industry.

【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.4

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