西双版纳天然橡胶价值链中的利益分配机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 05:11

本文选题：西双版纳　切入点：天然橡胶　出处：《中国农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：天然橡胶产业是西双版纳经济发展的支柱产业之一。在西双版纳,天然橡胶带动了生产、加工、运输、服务等一系列相关产业的发展,形成了一整条产业价值链。随着近年来西双版纳天然橡胶产业市场化、因胶价暴跌所引起的胶农弃胶和胶厂停产、农垦系统改革、生态环境的急剧变化等种种事件的发生,行业内的利益分配也开始不断调整。本文运用价值链和获益能力两个理论,旨在描述西双版纳天然橡胶产业中利益分配的现状,并从价值链中经济主体的获益能力角度分析形成上述现状的原因,具体的研究结论如下：第一,西双版纳天然橡胶价值链中主要存在八条分链条。胶树开割以前,存在四类价值链,主要描述的是胶农对胶苗来源和胶苗、胶树去向的选择；胶树开割以后,存在三类价值链,主要描述的是胶农从收集胶乳到制胶厂加工过程中的不同途径；另外还包括一条制胶厂以后的价值链。第二,通过比较分析西双版纳天然橡胶价值链中胶农、中间商、制胶厂的获益情况,发现：一方面,三大经济主体的利益分配有明显不同：胶农最少,中间商其次,制胶厂最多；另一方面,胶农、中间商、制胶厂整体上的利润率都不高。第三,对于胶农来说,土地、地理位置、劳动力成本是影响其获益更为重要的三个因素但却很难改变,而改善农民组织化程度、植胶技术这两项获益能力更具可行性；对中间商来说,地理位置和资金是影响其获益最重要的因素,相比之下“流动中间商”与一般中间商又有所区别；对制胶厂来说,垄断地位是国有制胶厂获益最核心的获益能力,资金是所有制胶厂最重要的获益能力,科技创新是民营制胶厂获益的关键突破口,而企业管理能力、企业家才能等一些人为要素也是制胶厂重要的获益能力,在一定程度上影响制胶厂获益。
[Abstract]:Natural rubber industry is one of the pillar industries of Xishuangbanna economic development.In Xishuangbanna, natural rubber drives the development of a series of related industries, such as production, processing, transportation and service, and forms an entire industrial value chain.With the marketization of the natural rubber industry in Xishuangbanna in recent years, the abandonment of rubber by rubber farmers and the closure of rubber factories, the reform of the farming system, and the sharp changes in the ecological environment caused by the collapse in rubber prices have occurred.The distribution of benefits within the industry also began to adjust.Based on the theory of value chain and benefit ability, this paper aims to describe the present situation of interest distribution in Xishuangbanna natural rubber industry, and analyze the reasons for the above situation from the angle of the benefit ability of the economic main body in the value chain.The specific findings of the study are as follows:First, Xishuangbanna natural rubber value chain exists mainly in eight sub-chains.Before the gum tree is cut, there are four kinds of value chain, mainly describing the rubber farmers' choice of the rubber seedling source, the rubber seedling, the rubber tree direction, and the three kinds of value chain after the rubber tree is cut.This paper mainly describes the different ways from the collection of latex to the processing process of the rubber factory, and the value chain after a rubber factory.Second, through comparative analysis of the benefits of rubber farmers, middlemen and rubber factories in the natural rubber value chain of Xishuangbanna, it is found that, on the one hand, the benefit distribution of the three major economic entities is obviously different: the rubber farmers are the least, and the middlemen are the second.The largest number of rubber mills; on the other hand, rubber farmers, middlemen, rubber mills overall profit margins are not high.Third, for rubber farmers, land, geographical location, labor costs are more important factors affecting their benefits, but it is difficult to change, and improve farmers' organizational degree, planting rubber technology these two benefit ability is more feasible;For middlemen, geographical location and capital are the most important factors affecting their benefits, while "mobile middlemen" are different from middlemen in general; for rubber factories,Monopoly position is the most important benefit ability of state-owned rubber factory, capital is the most important benefit ability of ownership rubber factory, science and technology innovation is the key breakthrough of private rubber factory, and enterprise management ability,Some human factors such as entrepreneur's ability are also the important benefit ability of the rubber factory, which influence the profit of the rubber factory to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.12

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