大新县一年两熟葡萄种植业调查研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 01:27

本文选题：葡萄 + 一年两熟　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文通过查阅文献资料、实地调查、走访农户、样品收集、与政府有关业务部门专家座谈和试验等方法,对大新县一年两熟葡萄种植业发展现状及种植技术进行调查研究,为如何利用当地气候地理优势条件及双季葡萄种植技术手段发展大新县一年两熟葡萄种植提供理论依据。调查研究结果表明：(1)广西崇左市大新县气候温和、雨量充沛、日照充足,非常适合热带亚热带植物生长,当地发展一年两熟葡萄种植产业有较大优势,经济效益高。(2)葡萄产业发展存在的问题：品种较为单一,发展速度慢；葡萄生产与甘蔗生产争地的矛盾比较突出；政策支持力度不足,葡萄产业发展以农村自有力量为主；葡萄生产服务体系不健全；缺乏葡萄加工生产企业有效带动；葡萄生产标准化程度较低,果品质量有待提高。(3)针对的提出要解决产业发展存在问题必须要当地政府与农户统一思想和明确思路,加快建立健全大新县一年两熟葡萄产业的发展规划,狠抓工作落实,利用科技推动葡萄生产,实现一年两熟葡萄标准化生产,不断完善社会化服务体系,突出优势确保双季葡萄产业发展。(4)根据对大新县双季葡萄主栽品种巨峰的试验研究表明：大新县一年两熟葡萄的果实品质及质量都非常优良,特别是冬季果的品质比夏季果要好,经济效益比较突出,如夏季果的单粒重8-11g,平均穗重为432g,含糖量16.6%,可溶性固形物为17.8%,亩产量1000kg左右；冬季果单粒重6-9g,平均穗重为313g,含糖量20.3%,可溶性固形物为18.9%,亩产量500kg左右。两季果的色泽好,口感香甜。大新县两季葡萄的上市时间比全国葡萄上市时间早,夏季果一般在4-6元/斤,冬季果在5-8元/斤,经济效益远胜于原来种植的玉米和甘蔗等作物。(5)大新县一年两熟葡萄生产存在的问题是：雨水偏多,葡萄易感染霜霉病、炭疽病,易造成严重减产,甚至绝收,迫使农民大量用药,从而增加成本,降低葡萄品质。(6)解决这个问题的办法是搭建塑料避雨棚,可以基本避免葡萄霜霉病和炭疽病两大病害的严重危害。而搭建塑料避雨棚每亩增加投入6000-8000元,一般农民投资困难,不愿意考虑该项技术,难以推广,建议政府相关部门出台高效农业的扶持补助政策,促进大新县葡萄产业的可持续性发展。
[Abstract]:Based on the methods of literature review, field investigation, peasant household visit, sample collection, discussion and experiment with experts from relevant government departments, the present situation and planting technology of biannual grape planting in Daxin County were investigated and studied. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of double cropping grape planting in Daxin county by using the local climatic and geographical advantages and the technical means of double cropping grape planting. The results of the investigation show that Daxin County, Chongzuo City, Guangxi has a mild climate, abundant rainfall and ample sunshine, which is very suitable for the growth of tropical and subtropical plants. The problems of grape industry development are: single variety, slow development speed, prominent contradiction between grape production and sugarcane production, insufficient policy support, and the main development of grape industry in rural areas; The service system of grape production is not perfect, the grape processing and production enterprises are lack of effective drive, the degree of standardization of grape production is low, The quality of fruit needs to be improved. (3) in order to solve the existing problems in industrial development, the local government and farmers must unify their ideas and clear ideas, accelerate the establishment and improvement of the development plan of the twice-yearly grape industry in Daxin County, and pay close attention to the implementation of the work. Using science and technology to promote grape production, to achieve standardized production of biannual grapes, and to continuously improve the socialized service system, According to the experimental study on the main grape cultivar Jufeng in Daxin County, the results showed that the fruit quality and quality of double-cropping grape in Daxin County were very good. Especially, the fruit quality in winter is better than that in summer, and the economic benefit is more outstanding, such as the single grain weight of summer fruit is 8-11g, the average ear weight is 43.2 g, the sugar content is 16.6, the soluble solids is 17.8 per mu, and the yield 1000kg is about. In winter, the fruit weight per grain was 6-9g, the average ear weight was 313g, the sugar content was 20.3g, the soluble solids was 18.9g, and the yield per mu was about 500kg. Two season fruit color is good, taste sweet. In Daxin County, the time of grape market in two seasons was earlier than that in the whole country. The fruit in summer was usually 4-6 yuan / kg, and the fruit in winter was 5-8 yuan / jin. The economic benefits are far better than those of crops such as corn and sugar cane.) in Daxin County, the problems in the production of two-cropping grapes per year are: Rain Water is on the side, grapes are susceptible to downy mildew, anthracnose, and it is easy to cause serious reduction in production and even end of harvest. The way to solve this problem is to set up plastic shelter, which can basically avoid the serious harm of two major diseases of grape downy mildew and anthracnose. The construction of plastic shelters for rain shelter will increase the investment by 6,000 to 8,000 yuan per mu. The general farmers have difficulty in investing and are unwilling to consider the technology and it is difficult to popularize it. It is suggested that the relevant government departments issue a policy of supporting and subsidizing high-efficiency agriculture. Promote the sustainable development of grape industry in Daxin County.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.13

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