江西省耕地质量监测样点优化布局研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 02:20

本文选题：耕地质量 + 监测类型　；参考：《江西农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新常态下的新型城乡发展关系对耕地保护提出新要求,耕地保护研究不仅要注重耕地数量及质量的平衡,更要注重保护耕地的生态安全。为了从数量、质量、生态三方面全面把握江西省各地区耕地质量状况,以期为江西省未来全省耕地质量针对性地进行监测研究及工作提供依据,本研究以全省耕地为研究对象,以全省各县社会经济、自然气候及耕地质量数据为基础,进行了全省耕地质量监测类型的划分及全省耕地质量监测样点优化布局两方面的研究。其中耕地质量监测类型区划分过程分为两步:以各县地形地貌、水文气候、种植条件为指标,运用系统聚类分析方法进行全省耕地质量监测一级类型区的划分,该区目的在于按照农业生产密切相关的地形及农业条件相似性将全省各县划分为性质相似的几大区域;依据各县耕地生态安全、耕地质量等别等级提升潜力及对应的耕地质量限制因子,运用Arc GIS空间分析法,进行全省耕地质量监测二级类型区划分,该区在一级分区基础上,更加注重耕地质量监测的内涵。在耕地质量监测类型区划分结果基础上,以地理空间抽样理论为指导,采取网格法布点并结合Kriging插值方法进行全省耕地质量监测样点的优化布局。本研究通过以上方法得出如下结果及结论:1、全省共分为环鄱阳湖平原地区、赣东北山地丘陵区、赣西北山地丘陵区、赣中丘陵区及赣南山地区五个一级监测类型区,常规监测类型区、生态保护重点区、土壤肥力重点区、田间设施重点区、水土流失重点区五个二级监测类型区;2、全省耕地质量监测样点总数为1614个样点,其中环鄱阳湖平原区样点492个样点,赣东北山地丘陵区255个样点,赣西北山地丘陵区251个样点,赣中丘陵区309个样点,赣南山地区307个样点;3、抽样精度检验显示,全省各分区调整后样点精度均有较高提升,其中各角度样点抽样代表性检验显示,样点对各监测类型及等别代表性较良好,其中赣西北山地丘陵区精度提高最大,较调整前优化了18.9%,赣南山地区精度提高了17.43%,环鄱阳湖平原区精度提高了17.25%,赣中丘陵区精度提高了16.91%,赣东北山地丘陵区精度提高了15.57%。综合证明,基于Kriging插值的样点优化取得较理想结果,大尺度下的耕地质量监测样点优化布局具有理论意义,在全省监测质量监测样点布局有推广意义。
[Abstract]:The new relationship between urban and rural development puts forward new requirements for cultivated land protection under the new normal. The study of cultivated land protection should not only pay attention to the balance of quantity and quality of cultivated land, but also to protect the ecological security of cultivated land. In order to grasp the situation of cultivated land quality in Jiangxi Province from three aspects of quantity, quality and ecology, and to provide the basis for the future monitoring and research of cultivated land quality in Jiangxi Province, this study takes the cultivated land of Jiangxi Province as the research object. Based on the data of social economy, natural climate and cultivated land quality in various counties of the province, the classification of cultivated land quality monitoring types and the optimization of the distribution of cultivated land quality monitoring samples in the province were studied. The process of classification of cultivated land quality monitoring area is divided into two steps: with the landform, hydrology and climate, planting condition as the index, the first class area of cultivated land quality monitoring in the whole province is divided by the method of systematic cluster analysis. The purpose of this area is to divide the counties of the province into several similar regions according to the similarity of topography and agricultural conditions closely related to agricultural production, and according to the ecological security of cultivated land in each county, The potential of cultivated land quality and the corresponding limiting factors of cultivated land quality are classified by using Arc GIS spatial analysis method. The second type areas of cultivated land quality monitoring in the whole province are divided into two types, which are based on the first grade division. Pay more attention to the connotation of cultivated land quality monitoring. Based on the classification results of cultivated land quality monitoring areas and guided by the theory of geographical spatial sampling, the optimal layout of cultivated land quality monitoring samples in the province was carried out by using grid method and Kriging interpolation method. The results and conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. The province is divided into five types: Poyang Lake plain region, mountainous hilly region in northeast Jiangxi, mountainous hilly region in western Jiangxi, hilly area in central Jiangxi and Gannan mountain area. There are five secondary monitoring areas in the main areas of routine monitoring, ecological protection, soil fertility, field facilities and soil erosion. The total number of cultivated land quality monitoring sites in the province is 1614. There are 492 samples in Poyang Lake plain area, 255 in mountainous hilly area in northeast Jiangxi, 251 in hilly region in western Jiangxi, 309 in hilly area in central Jiangxi and 307 in southern Jiangxi. The accuracy of the sampling points in the whole province was improved after the adjustment. The results of the sampling representativeness test showed that the sample points had a good representative for each monitoring type and the same type, and the accuracy of the mountainous and hilly areas in the west and north of Jiangxi was the most improved, especially in the mountainous and hilly areas in the north of Jiangxi Province. Before the adjustment, the accuracy of this area has been improved by 18.9%, the accuracy of Gannan Mountain area has increased 17.43%, the precision of the plain area around Poyang Lake has increased 17.25%, the accuracy of the middle Jiangxi hilly area has increased 16.91%, and the accuracy of the northeast Jiangxi mountainous hilly area has increased 15.57%. It is proved that the optimal layout of the sampling points based on Kriging interpolation is of theoretical significance, and it is of great significance to popularize the layout of the sampling points for monitoring the quality of cultivated land in the whole province.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.211

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