全面建成小康社会视角下的精准扶贫政策优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 01:19

本文选题：精准扶贫 + 全面建成小康社会　；参考：《安庆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前中国已经进入全面建成小康社会的攻坚时期,但是还有7000多万农村贫困人口尚未脱离贫困状态。没有农村的小康就不是完整的小康,要实现全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标,必须彻底解决农村贫困人口的贫困问题。经过30多年的扶贫开发,一些容易脱贫的早已脱贫,剩下的这部分都是“难啃的硬骨头”,脱贫难度极大。而且在中国经济全面进入“新常态”的背景下,脱贫攻坚工作既面临难得历史机遇,也面临严峻挑战。必须创新扶贫方式,改变以往粗放式、普惠式的扶贫,大力实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫;必须提高贫困户自身的“造血”能力,变“输血”为“造血”。精准扶贫政策是一项对农村贫困地区实施社会救济的公共政策,自2013年实施以来,以政府为扶贫主体,在广大企事业单位与社会力量的共同参与,精准扶贫政策受到基层群众特别是农村贫困人口的热烈欢迎。经过短短三年多的实践,精准扶贫政策就取得了明显的阶段性成效,农村贫困人口数量和贫困率逐年显著下降,农村贫困人口的收入则逐年显著增长。但必须清醒地看到,精准扶贫政策在实施过程中,也还存在诸多不足与问题。尤其是在精准扶贫政策执行环节,由于执行机制不健全,导致政策的执行出现偏差;或者由于执行路径选择不当,导致政策的效果不如预期。本文基于公共政策视角,以精准扶贫政策的相关研究综述与理论基础为起点,深入分析传统扶贫政策向精准扶贫政策转变的过程与原因,剖析精准扶贫政策作为一项公共政策对全面建成小康社会的重大意义,结合安庆市个案,分析精准扶贫政策实施的阶段性成效及其存在的问题,最后从政策执行机制构建和执行路径选择方面提出精准扶贫政策优化的对策建议。
[Abstract]:At present, China has entered the critical period of building a well-off society in an all-round way, but more than 70 million rural poor people are not yet out of poverty. If we want to realize the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we must thoroughly solve the poverty problem of the rural poor population. After more than 30 years of poverty alleviation and development, some people who are easy to get out of poverty have long been lifted out of poverty, and the rest of them are "hard bones" and it is extremely difficult to get rid of poverty. Moreover, under the background of China's economy entering the new normal, the work of overcoming poverty and tackling key problems is faced with rare historical opportunities as well as severe challenges. It is necessary to innovate the ways of poverty alleviation, to change the former extensive and inclusive poverty alleviation, to vigorously implement accurate poverty alleviation and to eradicate poverty with precision, and to improve the ability of poor households to "make blood" and turn "blood transfusion" into "hematopoiesis". Precision poverty alleviation policy is a public policy to implement social relief to poor rural areas. Since its implementation in 2013, the government has been the main body of poverty alleviation, with the participation of enterprises and institutions and social forces. The policy of precision poverty alleviation is warmly welcomed by the grassroots, especially the poor in rural areas. After more than three years of practice, the policy of precision poverty alleviation has made obvious progress, the number of rural poor population and poverty rate have decreased significantly year by year, and the income of rural poor population has increased significantly year by year. However, it is necessary to soberly see that there are still many shortcomings and problems in the implementation of precision poverty reduction policy. Especially in the implementation of precision poverty alleviation policy, the implementation mechanism is not perfect, which leads to the deviation of the policy implementation; or because of the improper choice of the implementation path, the policy effect is not as good as expected. Based on the perspective of public policy, this paper makes a thorough analysis of the process and reasons for the transformation from traditional poverty alleviation policy to precision poverty alleviation policy, starting from the summary and theoretical basis of relevant research on precision poverty alleviation policy. This paper analyzes the great significance of precision poverty alleviation policy as a public policy for building a well-off society in an all-round way. Combined with the case of Anqing City, it analyzes the stage effect of precision poverty alleviation policy implementation and its existing problems. Finally, from the policy implementation mechanism construction and the implementation path choice aspect proposed the precision poverty reduction policy optimization countermeasure proposal.
【学位授予单位】：安庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

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