基于生态敏感性评价的土地整治研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 00:36

本文选题：生态敏感性 + 土地整治　；参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化的快速发展,产业规模不断扩大,非农建设用地占用大量耕地,加上退耕还林还草,使得耕地数量不断减少,中国粮食生产存在安全隐患。为了保持耕地总量动态平衡,增加耕地面积,国家积极推行土地整治项目。国内土地整治研究相较于西方发达国家处于起步阶段,整治体系还不完善,无序化的土地整治造成生态环境问题。过于强调经济效益,破坏生态环境,违背了土地整治的初衷;不合理的土地平整,破坏表土层,造成土壤质地下降;未进行充分论证,盲目进行土地利用结构调整,追求标准化建设,破坏当地生态景观格局。所以,应加强“生态型土地整治”的研究,保证土地整治有序化进行,通过土地整治提高生产条件,改善生态环境。目前从生态角度对土地整治开展的研究主要包括土地整治生态评价研究、土地整治生态效应评价研究、生态型土地整治研究。我国对单项土地整治研究已经非常成熟,但系统、全面的综合土地整治研究还处于概念和内涵探讨的过程,研究成果较少。本文以阜康市农村土地整治适宜区作为研究对象。首先,根据阜康市生态条件以及现有土地整治情况,建立生态敏感性评价指标体系。其次,参照《土地利用规划》确定土地整治方向和目标。最后,将生态敏感性评价指标作为比较数列,将生态敏感性评价标准指标作为参照序列,运用灰色关联投影分析法对样本点进行生态敏感性评价,根据生态敏感性评价结果确定土地整治模式、类型。研究结果表明:单项生态敏感性评价情况,北部荒漠区土壤和生境敏感程度高,中部平原区生态景观敏感程度高,中部冲积扇上缘工矿区生境和土地利用类型敏感程度高,南部山地木林工矿区土壤敏感程度高;综合生态敏感性评价情况,中部冲积平原农区南部山地木林工矿区中部冲积扇上缘工矿区北部荒漠区;根据阜康市的单项生态敏感性情况,总结八种土地整治类型;根据阜康市综合生态敏感性评价结果总结了四种土地整治模式;
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization and the continuous expansion of industrial scale, non-agricultural construction land occupies a large number of cultivated land, plus the conversion of farmland to forest and grassland, which makes the amount of cultivated land decrease continuously, and there are hidden dangers in China's grain production. In order to maintain the dynamic balance of the total cultivated land and increase the cultivated land area, the state actively carries out land renovation projects. Compared with the western developed countries, the study of land regulation in China is still in its infancy, the system of land regulation is not perfect, and the disorder of land regulation causes ecological and environmental problems. Too much emphasis on economic benefits, destruction of the ecological environment, contrary to the original intention of land renovation; unreasonable land leveling, destruction of the topsoil layer, resulting in a decline in soil texture; inadequate demonstration and blind adjustment of the land use structure, Pursue standardization construction, destroy local ecological landscape pattern. Therefore, we should strengthen the study of "ecological land regulation", ensure that land regulation is carried out in an orderly manner, improve the production conditions and improve the ecological environment through land regulation. At present, the research on land regulation from the ecological point of view mainly includes the ecological evaluation of land regulation, the ecological effect evaluation of land regulation, and the ecological land remediation. The research on single land regulation in China has been very mature, but the systematic and comprehensive land regulation research is still in the process of concept and connotation discussion, and the research results are relatively few. This paper takes the suitable area of rural land regulation in Fukang as the research object. Firstly, according to the ecological condition of Fukang city and the current land regulation, the ecological sensitivity evaluation index system is established. Secondly, refer to the land use planning to determine the direction and objectives of land regulation. Finally, the ecological sensitivity evaluation index is taken as the comparative series, the ecological sensitivity evaluation standard index is taken as the reference sequence, and the ecological sensitivity assessment is carried out on the sample points by using the grey relational projection analysis method. According to the result of ecological sensitivity evaluation, the model and type of land regulation were determined. The results showed that the sensitivity of soil and habitat was high in the northern desert area, the ecological landscape sensitivity was high in the central plain area, and the sensitivity of habitat and land use type in the industrial and mining area of the upper edge of the central alluvial fan was high. The soil sensitivity is high in the southern mountainous woodland mining area, and the comprehensive ecological sensitivity evaluation shows that the southern mountainous woodland industrial area has the northern desert area of the upper edge of the alluvial fan in the southern mountainous area. According to the individual ecological sensitivity of Fukang City, eight types of land regulation were summarized, and four land regulation models were summarized according to the results of comprehensive ecological sensitivity evaluation of Fukang City.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2

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